Are Girls the Fairer Sex in India? Revisiting Intra-Household Allocation of Education Expenditure
By Mehtabul Azam, Geeta Kingdon. Social Science Research Network, 2013
225 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Using a Hurdle model, the paper finds that although significant progress in gender equality in education was achieved during 1993–2005, pro-male gender bias still exists in the within-household allocation of educational expenditure. This bias occurs primarily through differential spending on sons and daughters in the primary and middle school age groups, but through the decision to enroll sons and not daughters in the secondary school age group. Bias is substantially greater in rural than urban areas. An important mechanism through which households spend less on girls is by sending sons to private schools and daughters to the fee-free government schools.
Subfields: Gender Studies, Safety Research
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/e0ae72e0c9fe079bc2be19d7623968188271d965
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Citations in the corpus
- From Nutrition to Aspirations and Self-Efficacy : Gender Bias Over Time Among Children in Four Countries (2013, result): “18 Azam and Kingdon (2011) contrast their results using nationally representative data from 2005 with the results in Kingdon (2005): whereas Kingdon (2005) had found significantly lower enrolment for girls in the 5-9 age group in 9 out of 16 major states in 1994, this difference was found in only tw”