Multiwavelength campaign on Mrk 509 - IX. The Galactic foreground
By N. Arav, D. Edmonds, B. Borguet, G. Kriss, J. Kaastra, E. Behar, S. Bianchi, M. Cappi, E. Costantini, R. Detmers and 8 more. 2012
138 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Context. The diffuse gas in and nearby the Milky Way plays an important role in the evolution of the entire Galaxy. It has a complex structure characterized by neutral, weakly and highly ionized gas. Aims. We probe this gas through the observation of its absorption lines in the high-energy spectra of background sources. Methods. We used high-quality spectra of AGN Mrk 509, located at high Galactic latitudes obtained with XMM-Newton ,H ST and FUSE. We used advanced absorption models consisting of photo- and collisional-ionization. Results. We constrain the column density ratios of the different phases of the interstellar medium (ISM) and measure the abundances of C, N, O, Ne, Mg, Al, Si, S, and Fe. We detect seven discrete interstellar clouds with different velocities. One is a typical lowvelocity cloud (LVC) and three belong to the family of the intermediate-velocity clouds (IVCs) found near the Galactic disk. These four clouds show large deviation from Solar abundances in the gas phase, mostly caused by dust depletion. The other three clouds are ionized high-velocity clouds (HVGs) and are located either in the Galactic environment or in the Local Group halo as suggested by the signatures of collisional ionization. The similar abundances and ionization structure of the HVCs suggest a common location and origin: they might belong to the remainder of an extragalactic cloud which was captured by the Galaxy. Conclusions. We have shown that combined UV/X-ray spectroscopy is a powerful tool to investigate the ISM. In common Galactic clouds, like LVCs and IVCs, the ISM shows a complex structure consisting of at least three different temperature phases.
Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/e09ce79c786fb7d755619dff0863bc68a05f4a14
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Citations in the corpus
- BAT AGN Spectroscopic Survey. V. X-Ray Properties of the Swift/BAT 70-month AGN Catalog (2017, background): “…Vasudevan et al. 2014); ii) Comptonization of the seed optical/UV photons in plasma colder than that responsible for the primary X-ray component (e.g., Mehdipour et al. 2011; Done et al. 2012; Boissay et al. 2014, 2016); iii) smeared absorption by ionized material (e.g., Gierliński & Done 2004).”
- Intrinsic disc emission and the soft X‐ray excess in active galactic nuclei (2011, result): “While the signal-to-noise in PG 1048+213 is not overwhelming, this spectrum (Fig 7) is very similar to the much better data from Mkn 509 which has similar mass aand mass accretion rate (Mehdipour et al 2011; Noda et al 2011).”
- A physical model of the broad-band continuum of AGN and its implications for the UV/X relation and optical variability (2018, methodology): “However, recent results have shown that the majority of the soft excess does not arise from reflection (Mehdipour et al. 2011, 2015; Noda et al. 2013; Matt et al. 2014; Boissay, Ricci, & Paltani 2016; Porquet et al. 2018), favouring the warm Comptonisation model.”
- The Suzaku View of Highly Ionized Outflows in AGN. 1; Statistical Detection and Global Absorber Properties (2012, background): “In Mrk 509, which is well known for having a strong soft-excess (Mehdipour et al. 2011), OBSID 701093010, the stacked OBSIDs 701093020, 701093030, 701093040 and OBSID 705025010 were fitted simultaneously to account for the observed variability in the soft X-ray band.”