Opportunistic routing in multi-hop wireless networks

By Sanjit Biswas, Robert Morris. Computer communication review, 2004

753 citations recorded by the source corpus.

This paper describes Extremely Opportunistic Routing (ExOR), a new unicast routing technique for multi-hop wireless networks. ExOR forwards each packet through a sequence of nodes, deferring the choice of each node in the sequence until after the previous node has transmitted the packet on its radio. ExOR then determines which node, of all the nodes that successfully received that transmission, is the node closest to the destination. That closest node transmits the packet. The result is that each hop moves the packet farther (or average) than the hops of the best possible pre-determined route.The ExOR design addresses the challenge of choosing a forwarding node after transmission using a distributed algorithm. First, when a node transmits a packet, it includes in the packet a simple schedule describing the priority order in which the potential receivers should forward the packet. The node computes the schedule based on shared measurements of inter-node delivery rates. ExOR then uses a distributed slotted MAC protocol for acknowledgements to ensure that the receivers agree who the highest priority receiver was.The efficacy of ExOR depends mainly on the rate at which the reception probability falls off with distance. Simulations based on measured radio characteristics [6] suggest that ExOR reduces the total number of transmissions by nearly a factor of two over the best possible pre-determined route.

Subfields: Computer Networks and Communications

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/df9857735c244cf80a999d6615077cc0cb4d345d

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In Computer Networks and Communications

Citations in the corpus

XORs in the Air: Practical Wireless Network Coding (2006, background): “The proposed solutions range from designing better routing metrics [10] [5] [12] to tweaking the TCP protocol [33], and include improved routing and MAC protocols [6] [22] [15].”
Geographic routing made practical (2005, background): “For context, we note that several measurement studies [1, 6, 28] have documented non-ideal radio behavior; however, ours is the first to quantify their impact”
XORs in the air: practical wireless network coding (2008, methodology): “This contrasts with other approaches to improving wireless throughput, such as opportunistic routing [ 35 ], which utilize the medium better when it is not fully congested, but do not increase its capacity.”
Symbol-level network coding for wireless mesh networks (2008, methodology): “In both traditional routing protocols as well as more recent opportunistic approaches [1, 2], each intermediate node forwards a packet only if it has no errors.”
The Importance of Being Opportunistic: Practical Network Coding for Wireless Environments (2005, methodology): “Finally, opportunistic routing was introduced in [3], and is related to ideas in the field of cooperative diversity [18] .”
Measurement-based models of delivery and interference in static wireless networks (2006, background): “As a response, there has been a shift towards experimental wireless networks in which packet delivery and higher level metrics have been measured for real radios working in particular network and protocol designs [3] [6] [11].”
WiLDNet: Design and Implementation of High Performance WiFi Based Long Distance Networks (2007, background): “These networks are very different from the short-range multi-hop urban mesh networks [5].”
A simple Cooperative diversity method based on network path selection (2005, methodology): “In [23], it was used in the context of repetitive transmission of the same information over several paths, in 802.”
Drone networks: Communications, coordination, and sensing (2018, background): “There are ﬂat [36, 37, 38], hierarchical [39, 40], and location-based protocols [41, 42, 43, 44], where nodes operate in a uniform manner, the network is divided into clusters, or the position of the nodes are incorporated into the routing process, respectively.”