Introduction to quantum noise, measurement, and amplification

By A. Clerk, Michel H. Devoret, Steven M. Girvin, Florian Marquardt, Robert J. Schoelkopf. 2008

1,693 citations recorded by the source corpus.

The topic of quantum noise has become extremely timely due to the rise of quantum information physics and the resulting interchange of ideas between the condensed matter and atomic, molecular, optical--quantum optics communities. This review gives a pedagogical introduction to the physics of quantum noise and its connections to quantum measurement and quantum amplification. After introducing quantum noise spectra and methods for their detection, the basics of weak continuous measurements are described. Particular attention is given to the treatment of the standard quantum limit on linear amplifiers and position detectors within a general linear-response framework. This approach is shown how it relates to the standard Haus-Caves quantum limit for a bosonic amplifier known in quantum optics and its application to the case of electrical circuits is illustrated, including mesoscopic detectors and resonant cavity detectors.

Subfields: Artificial Intelligence, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/deb491e82e8ccdea389deeb1da879f13713623c9

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Citations in the corpus

Circuit QED: Superconducting Qubits Coupled to Microwave Photons (2015, methodology): “(2.87) tells us that this uncertainty gives a vacuum ‘noise energy’ (noise power per unit measurement bandwidth) of half a photon (Clerk et al., 2010).”
Dynamical decoupling and noise spectroscopy with a superconducting flux qubit (2011, methodology): “Decoherence in superconducting qubits has been studied the ore ically [9, 17, 19, 20] and experimentally [10, 17, 18].”
Tabletop experiments for quantum gravity: a user’s manual (2018, neutral): “For more exhaustive treatments of some background on topics influencing this work, we refer the interested reader to reviews of optomechanics [37,38], electromechanics [39], matter-wave interferometry [40], quantum sensing [41,42], and gravitational decoherence [43].”
Introduction to quantum electromagnetic circuits (2016, background): “These last two equations can be seen as a consequence of the Wiener–Kinchin theorem and are explained in detail in [31].”
Colloquium: Quantum root-mean-square error and measurement uncertainty relations (2013, background): “…are modeled after the concept of noise operator in quantum optics, which was formalized by Haus and Mullen in 1962 (Haus and Mullen, 1962) as the difference of the operators representing the signal and output (for some useful reviews, see (Clerk et al., 2010; Haus, 2004; Yamamoto and Haus, 1986)).”
Quantum information processing and quantum optics with circuit quantum electrodynamics (2020, background): “A logical qubit containing n physical qubits has an error rate n times worse than a single physical qubit.”