Metrics to ‘green’ chemistry—which are the best?

By D. Constable, A. Curzons, V. Cunningham. 2002

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Metrics for optimising the multi-dimensional value of resources recovered from waste in a circular economy: A critical review (2017, background): “…(Wernick and Ausubel, 1995), to those used in green chemistry (e.g. atom economy, E-factor, effective mass yield) (Constable et al., 2002; Henderson et al., 2010) of which detailed description can be found elsewhere (Askeland and Phul e, 2003; Constable et al., 2002; Henderson et al., 2010).”
Green chemistry for chemical synthesis (2008, background): “Reaction Mass Efficiency (RME) and Mass Intensity (MI) are additional concepts to evaluate the efficiency of synthetic reactions to take into account the reaction yield (10).”
Discovery and resupply of pharmacologically active plant-derived natural products: A review (2015, background): “SF ¼ 1þ X mexcess; reactantsX mstoichiometric; reactants ð3Þ It was shown that Curzons RME could be used to compare costs for drug manufacture in general (Constable et al., 2002).”