A review of the volatiles from the healthy human body
By B. Costello, A. Amann, Huda Al-Kateb, C. Flynn, W. Filipiak, T. Khalid, D. Osborne, N. Ratcliffe. Journal of Breath Research, 2014
941 citations recorded by the source corpus.
A compendium of all the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emanating from the human body (the volatolome) is for the first time reported. 1840 VOCs have been assigned from breath (872), saliva (359), blood (154), milk (256), skin secretions (532) urine (279), and faeces (381) in apparently healthy individuals. Compounds were assigned CAS registry numbers and named according to a common convention where possible. The compounds have been grouped into tables according to their chemical class or functionality to permit easy comparison. Some clear differences are observed, for instance, a lack of esters in urine with a high number in faeces. Careful use of the database is needed. The numbers may not be a true reflection of the actual VOCs present from each bodily excretion. The lack of a compound could be due to the techniques used or reflect the intensity of effort e.g. there are few publications on VOCs from blood compared to a large number on VOCs in breath. The large number of volatiles reported from skin is partly due to the methodologies used, e.g. collecting excretions on glass beads and then heating to desorb VOCs. All compounds have been included as reported (unless there was a clear discrepancy between name and chemical structure), but there may be some mistaken assignations arising from the original publications, particularly for isomers. It is the authors' intention that this database will not only be a useful database of VOCs listed in the literature, but will stimulate further study of VOCs from healthy individuals. Establishing a list of volatiles emanating from healthy individuals and increased understanding of VOC metabolic pathways is an important step for differentiating between diseases using VOCs.
Subfields: Biomedical Engineering, Molecular Biology, Sensory Systems
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/dd2f78af5c133c6f091c481561acad28beacdf97
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Citations in the corpus
- The human volatilome: volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath, skin emanations, urine, feces and saliva (2014, background): “The addition of CAS numbers [118] in this compendium is a significant advance to this field and reduces the likelihood”
- Metabolomics for Investigating Physiological and Pathophysiological Processes. (2019, background): “In addition to these many lipid- or water-soluble compounds, GC-MS-based metabolomic methods have identified nearly 400 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in healthy human feces (109).”