Phosphorus-based Flame Retardancy Mechanisms—Old Hat or a Starting Point for Future Development?

By B. Schartel. Materials, 2010

634 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Different kinds of additive and reactive flame retardants containing phosphorus are increasingly successful as halogen-free alternatives for various polymeric materials and applications. Phosphorus can act in the condensed phase by enhancing charring, yielding intumescence, or through inorganic glass formation; and in the gas phase through flame inhibition. Occurrence and efficiency depend, not only on the flame retardant itself, but also on its interaction with pyrolysing polymeric material and additives. Flame retardancy is sensitive to modification of the flame retardant, the use of synergists/adjuvants, and changes to the polymeric material. A detailed understanding facilitates the launch of tailored and targeted development.

Subfields: Polymers and Plastics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/dd0add6190d49f3d3716e9f891c6d2ff41a586b0

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In Polymers and Plastics

1. J. Alongi
2. Giulio Malucelli
3. Laura Anne Lowden
4. T. Hull
5. J. Fage
6. Ivan Jerman
7. B. Simončič
8. J. Vasiljević

Citations in the corpus

• Flammability behaviour of wood and a review of the methods for its reduction (2013, positive): “Some organophosphorus compounds are thought to be sufficiently stable under flaming conditions to work by a physical gas-phase action, in which they act as a blanket to exclude oxygen from the flame (Schartel 2010).”
• An Overview of Mode of Action and Analytical Methods for Evaluation of Gas Phase Activities of Flame Retardants (2015, methodology): “A large number of these new flame retardants are gas phase active systems [1].”
• Functionalization of cellulose fibres with DOPO-polysilsesquioxane flame retardant nanocoating (2015, methodology): “According to the literature (Rakotomalala et al. 2010; Schäfer et al. 2007; Qian et al. 2014; Salon et al. 2005; Schartel 2010), DOPO acts predominantly as a gas-phase reactive flame retardant.”