Thermally treated low density polyethylene biodegradation by Penicillium pinophilum and Aspergillus niger

By T. Volke-Sepúlveda, G. Saucedo-Castañeda, M. Gutiérrez-Rojas, A. Manzur, E. Favela‐Torres. 2002

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Biodegradation of Low Density Polyethylene (Ldpe) by Mangrove Fungi from the Red Sea Coast (2015, background): “It is evident from the recent studies that the speed of biotic degradation of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) can be enhanced by its prior oxidation [6-9].”
Microbial degradation and deterioration of polyethylene – A review (2014, background): “However, these reported results have not been universal and some reports have stated that after incubation with microorganisms there will instead be an increase in carbonyl groups (Volke-Sepulveda et al., 2002; Balasubramanian et al., 2010; Nowak et al., 2011) or a reduction in the number of double ”
Biodegradation of thermally-oxidized, fragmented low-density polyethylenes (2003, background): “Biodegradation is then observed when the degraded polymers are exposed to biotic environments [15–17].”
An overview of degradable and biodegradable polyolefins (2011, background): “[54] Addition of surfactants such as Tween 80[86] and other additives such as Mn(ІІ)[87], mineral oil[88], ethanol[89] in the test medium has been reported to enhance biodegradation of polyethylene by microorganisms.”