Mechanochemical Phosphorylation of Polymers and Synthesis of Flame-Retardant Cellulose Nanocrystals
By Blaine G Fiss, Lucius Hatherly, R. Stein, T. Friščić, Audrey Moores. ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering, 2019
140 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Phosphorylated polymers are versatile materials for a broad range of applications from flame-retardant coatings to bioactive scaffolds. Traditionally, they are synthesized in solution using corrosive concentrated phosphoric acid and energy-intensive drying techniques. In the past decade, mechanochemistry has proven to be a valuable tool for green chemists to conduct new transformations, with minimal waste, often solvent-free. This work presents the phosphorylation of cellulose nanocrystals, poly(ethylene glycol), poly(vinyl alcohol), poly(vinyl chloride), and lignin through mechanochemical processes with phosphorus pentoxide to produce reproducible phosphorylation for potential flame-retardant applications. Through 31P magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR, loadings of up to 3300 mmol/kg were determined for cellulose nanocrystals, far superior to loadings in solution around 1600 mmol/kg, and loadings of up to 4375 mmol/kg were obtained for synthetic polymers such as poly(vinyl alcohol).
Subfields: Biomaterials, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Polymers and Plastics
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/dc9668b07a8587d4f3d9c7163b7c3e1e630aa65c
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In Biomaterials
Citations in the corpus
- Nanocellulose: From Fundamentals to Advanced Applications (2020, background): “CNC-based composites presenting wide range of applications have been comprehensively reviewed in recent years (Malucelli et al., 2017; Ilyas et al., 2018; Klemm et al., 2018; Thomas et al., 2018; Dufresne, 2019; Fiss et al., 2019; Naz et al., 2019; Sharma et al., 2019; Montes et al., 2020).”