An Introduction to Mixed Models for Experimental Psychology

By Henrik Singmann, David Kellen. New Methods in Cognitive Psychology, 2019

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In order to increase statistical power and precision, many psychological experiments collect more than one data point from each participant, often across different experimental conditions. Such repeated-measures pose a problem to most standard statistical procedures such as ordinary least-squares regression or (between-subjects) ANOVA as those procedures assume that the data points are independent and identically distributed (henceforth iid). The iid assumption is comprised of two parts: The assumption of identical distribution simply means that all observations are samples from the same underlying distribution. The independence assumption states that the probability of a data point taking on a specific value is independent of the values taken by all other data points.1 In this chapter we are mainly concerned with the latter assumption.

Subfields: Experimental and Cognitive Psychology

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