Measuring the temporal dynamics of policy mixes – An empirical analysis of renewable energy policy mixes’ balance and design features in nine countries
By Tobias S. Schmidt, Sebastian Sewerin. 2019
305 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Abstract Complex societal or environmental problems require fast and substantial socio-technical transitions. For instance, in the case of climate change, these transitions need to take place in the energy, transport and several industry sectors. To induce and accelerate such transitions, numerous policy interventions are required, which interact with each other in policy mixes. While several conceptual studies on policy mixes have been published recently, there is very little empirical research apart from single case or small-n studies. It has been prominently argued that the debate about policy mixes has reached an impasse partly due to this lack of empirical work. This paper addresses this gap by providing a first analysis of the temporal dynamics of complex policy mixes. To do so, we develop a conceptualization and measurement of policy mix balance across instrument types as well as policy mix design features (in the form of intensity as a general and technology specificity as a technology-focused design feature). This allows us to answer the question how temporal dynamics of policy mixes differ between countries regarding their balance and design features. Our measurement approach is developed bottom-up, i.e., policies are assessed individually and then aggregated systematically at the policy mix level. This enables overcoming the ‘dependent variable problem in the study of policy change’, i.e., the problem of measuring policy output. More specifically, we develop a comparative dataset of 522 renewable energy policies in nine OECD countries. Our analysis shows that countries’ policy mix dynamics vary strongly regarding some variables (e.g., technology specificity) but less regarding others (e.g., balance). As a validity check, we also test the effects of these mix dynamics on policy outcome in the form of renewable energy technology diffusion. We reflect our findings in light of the theoretical debates around policy mixes and policy design and discuss how our results provoke an agenda for the new generation of research on policy mixes. We specifically discuss avenues for future research with a particular focus on the ‘politics of policy mixes’.
Subfields: Economics and Econometrics, Global and Planetary Change, Sociology and Political Science
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/dba0f3e80024d5f1aa2a978e7dfccd1b4c82986c
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Citations in the corpus
- The Role of Hydrocarbons in the Global Energy Agenda: The Focus on Liquefied Natural Gas (2020, background): “Scientifically substantiated portfolio strategies should be developed [117] to include not only potentially promising technologies, but also to take current economic needs into Figure 13.”
- How do policies mobilize private finance for renewable energy?—A systematic review with an investor perspective (2019, background): “Fourth, in a response to potential unintended (or counteracting) consequences of different sets of policies, the policy mix literature stream [50,166,167] could be extended to include risk and return considerations.”
- Designing an effective climate-policy mix: accounting for instrument synergy (2021, background): “mixes, it might be difficult for them to judge, compare and match these (del Río, 2014; Howlett et al., 2017; Schmidt and Sewerin, 2019), in turn possibly discouraging them to implement strong regulation/pricing instruments (Weitzman, 2014).”