Lithium-ion battery fast charging: A review

By A. Tomaszewska, Zhengyu Chu, Xuning Feng, S. O’Kane, Xinhua Liu, Jingyi Chen, C. Ji, Elizabeth Endler, Ruihe Li, Lishuo Liu and 10 more. eTransportation, 2019

1,278 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Abstract In the recent years, lithium-ion batteries have become the battery technology of choice for portable devices, electric vehicles and grid storage. While increasing numbers of car manufacturers are introducing electrified models into their offering, range anxiety and the length of time required to recharge the batteries are still a common concern. The high currents needed to accelerate the charging process have been known to reduce energy efficiency and cause accelerated capacity and power fade. Fast charging is a multiscale problem, therefore insights from atomic to system level are required to understand and improve fast charging performance. The present paper reviews the literature on the physical phenomena that limit battery charging speeds, the degradation mechanisms that commonly result from charging at high currents, and the approaches that have been proposed to address these issues. Special attention is paid to low temperature charging. Alternative fast charging protocols are presented and critically assessed. Safety implications are explored, including the potential influence of fast charging on thermal runaway characteristics. Finally, knowledge gaps are identified and recommendations are made for the direction of future research. The need to develop reliable onboard methods to detect lithium plating and mechanical degradation is highlighted. Robust model-based charging optimisation strategies are identified as key to enabling fast charging in all conditions. Thermal management strategies to both cool batteries during charging and preheat them in cold weather are acknowledged as critical, with a particular focus on techniques capable of achieving high speeds and good temperature homogeneities.

Subfields: Automotive Engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/db0e11b9df91da92411f9233131bc9bdc6cc2a50

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Automotive Engineering

1. Minggao Ouyang
2. Xuning Feng
3. Languang Lu
4. Xiangming He
5. Dongsheng Ren
6. Xianke Lin
7. Xiaosong Hu
8. Rui Xiong

In Electrical and Electronic Engineering

1. Minggao Ouyang
2. Xuning Feng
3. Languang Lu
4. Xiangming He
5. Dongsheng Ren
6. Xianke Lin
7. Xiaosong Hu
8. Rui Xiong

Citations in the corpus

• Unlocking the self-supported thermal runaway of high-energy lithium-ion batteries (2021, positive): “The reductive anode is ready to lose electrons and generates destructive heat, especially in the case of deposited lithium after fast charging 29, 30 .”
• Battery digital twins: Perspectives on the fusion of models, data and artificial intelligence for smart battery management systems (2020, background): “…the conventional CC –CV approach various other techniques have been explored such as multi-stage constant current-constant voltage, boost charging, constant power-constant voltage, pulse charging and the variable current profile [2] , however these still all have the same estimation challenges.”
• State-of-Health Estimation Based on Differential Temperature for Lithium Ion Batteries (2020, methodology): “In particular, the simple constant-current charging method is widely applied [14].”