Role of cocontraction in arm movement accuracy.

By P. Gribble, Lucy I Mullin, Nicholas Cothros, Andrew Mattar. Journal of Neurophysiology, 2003

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Noise in the nervous system (2008, background): “Confronted with higher movement-accuracy constraints (for example, when asked to rapidly point at small targets), people co-contract their muscle”
Computational mechanisms of sensorimotor control. (2011, background): “A series of experiments have investigated this possible relationship between impedance and accuracy (Gribble et al., 2003; Lametti et al., 2007; Osu et al., 2004).”
Evidence for the Flexible Sensorimotor Strategies Predicted by Optimal Feedback Control (2007, background): “…studies have provided more direct evidence: increased muscle cocontraction has been found to yield more accurate movements (Burdet et al., 2001; Gribble et al., 2003), and yet this is not a strategy that subjects normally use, suggesting that they care about energetic efficiency in addition to…”