The Hubble Diagram to Redshift >6 from 69 Gamma-Ray Bursts

By B. Schaefer. 2006

346 citations recorded by the source corpus.

One of the few ways to measure the properties of dark energy is to extend the Hubble diagram (HD) to higher redshifts with gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). GRBs have at least five properties (their spectral lag, variability, spectral peak photon energy, time of the jet break, and the minimum rise time) that have correlations to the luminosity of varying quality. In this paper I construct a GRB HD with 69 GRBs over a redshift range from 0.17 to >6, with half the bursts having a redshift larger than 1.7. This paper uses over 3.6 times as many GRBs and 12.7 times as many luminosity indicators as any previous GRB HD work. For the gravitational lensing and Malmquist biases, I find that the biases are small, with an average of 0.03 mag and an rms scatter of 0.14 mag in the distance modulus. The GRB HD is well behaved and nicely delineates the shape of the HD. The reduced χ2 for the fit to the concordance model is 1.05, and the rms scatter about the concordance model is 0.65 mag. This accuracy is just a factor of 2.0 times that gotten for the same measure from all the big supernova surveys. I fit the GRB HD to a variety of models, including where the dark energy has its equation of state parameter varying as w(z) = w0 + waz/(1 + z). I find that the concordance model is consistent with the data, that is, the dark energy can be described well as a cosmological constant that does not change with time.

Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Instrumentation

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/d908281d96eccaab41e2c29a218ca94d8c958977

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In Astronomy and Astrophysics

1. Bing Zhang
2. Pawan Kumar
3. Daniel J. Eisenstein
4. D. Weinberg
5. C. Hirata
6. A. Riess
7. L. Amati
8. E. Rozo

In Electrical and Electronic Engineering

1. C. O’Dea
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In Instrumentation

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6. C. Hirata
7. Ofer Lahav
8. E. Rozo

Citations in the corpus

• Measuring the cosmological parameters with the Ep,i–Eiso correlation of gamma-ray bursts (2008, methodology): “…Krimm et al. (2006); (7) Sakamoto et al. (2008a); (8) Golenetskii et al. (2006a); (9) Campana et al. (2006); (10) Golenetskii et al. (2006b); (11) Schaefer (2007) and references therein; (12) Amati et al. (2007) and references therein; (13) Golenetskii et al. (2006c); (14) Mundell et al. (2007)…”
• A buyer’s guide to the Hubble constant (2021, background): “Quasars (Risaliti and Lusso 2019) and GRBs (Schaefer 2007) offer the prospect of extending the Hubble diagram up to z ∼ 5, further testing ΛCDM.”
• Improved Constraints on the Acceleration History of the Universe and the Properties of the Dark Energy (2007, methodology): “The values of listed by Schaefer (2007) can be used to determine the dimensionless coordinate distance to each source if the value of H0 relevant for the sample is known, as described in x 2.1; here a value of H0 ¼ 70 km s 1 Mpc 1 was used (B. E. Schaefer 2007, private communication).”
• The physics of gamma-ray bursts & relativistic jets (2014, methodology): “Early efforts in this direction made use of some not-too-tight correlations (e.g. the L− τ and L− V correlations by Schaefer (2003) and the Frail correlation by Bloom et al. (2003)) to construct the GRB Hubble diagram.”
• A Cosmology-Independent Calibration of Gamma-Ray Burst Luminosity Relations and the Hubble Diagram (2008, methodology): “More recently, Schaefer (2007) used five GRB relations calibrated with 69 GRBs by assuming two adopted cosmological models to obtain the derived distance moduli for plotting the Hubble diagram, and joint constraints on the cosmological parameters and dark energy models have been derived in many…”
• Observational probes of cosmic acceleration (2012, methodology): “These correlations can be used to construct distance-redshift diagrams for those systems with redshift measured via spectroscopy of afterglow emission or of host galaxies (e.g., Schaefer 2007; see Demianski and Piedipalumbo 2011 for a recent review and discussion).”