Metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease: a systematic review.

By Silvio E. Inzucchi, K. Lipska, Helen Mayo, C. Bailey, Darren K Mcguire. Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), 2014

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Update on the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. (2016, background): “Metformin: The incidence of lactic acidosis in the setting of metformin therapy is low, and the drug is not necessarily responsible when lactic acidosis occurs in patients taking this medication [65] .”
Diagnosis and Management of Diabetes: Synopsis of the 2016 American Diabetes Association Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes (2016, background): “Accumulating data suggest that metformin therapy can be continued in patients with declining renal function down to a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 30 to 45 mL/min, although the dose should be reduced (27).”
Diabetes Management in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Consensus Report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) (2022, background): “lactic acidosis is low (53), and the U.”