Effects of gypsum formation on the performance of cement mortars during external sulfate attack

By M. Santhanam, M. Cohen, J. Olek. 2003

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Current knowledge of external sulfate attack (2015, background): “In addition to work on ettringite precipitation, previous work has probed the role of gypsum formation and found that its precipitation also leads to expansion (Gonzalez and Irassar, 1997; Santhanam et al., 2003a; Tian and Cohen, 2000).”
Physical and microstructural aspects of sulfate attack on ordinary and limestone blended Portland cements (2009, background): “[12] found that gypsum and ettringite can both contribute to expansion especially in Portland cementswithhighC3S contents.”
Effect of limestone filler on the deterioration of mortars and pastes exposed to sulfate solutions at ambient temperature (2008, background): “However, recent studies have reported that thaumasite can form at room temperature [15,16,18–20].”