The static actuation of dielectric elastomer actuators: how does pre-stretch improve actuation?

By G. Kofod. 2008

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Increasing the performance of dielectric elastomer actuators: A review from the materials perspective (2015, background): “Several authors [96, 100-102] have demonstrated that the improvement on the actuation performance with pre-stretch ratio is related to the suppression of a failure mechanism known as pull-in instability (Figure 7).”
Aerodynamic Characterization of a Wing Membrane with Variable Compliance (2014, background): “actuation performance [24].”
NONEQUILIBRIUM THERMODYNAMICS OF DIELECTRIC ELASTOMERS (2011, background): “…of dielectric elastomers mostly focus on elastic behavior [Anderson, 1986; Goulbourne et al., 2005; McMeeking and Landis, 2005; Suo et al., 2008; Kofod, 2008], although viscoelastic behavior has also been explored [Christensen, 1980; Drozdov, 1995; Bergström and Boyce, 1998; Lochmatter et al.,…”
Modeling Viscoelastic Dielectrics (2011, background): “It has been appreciated through experiments that pre-stretching a dielectric elastomer may greatly enhance its actuation performance (e.g. Pelrine et al., 2000a; Pelrine et al., 2000b; Kofod, 2008).”
Soft robots based on dielectric elastomer actuators: a review (2019, background): “By prestretching, the electromechanical instability is suppressed and higher actuation voltages can be applied to the actuator until electrical breakdown occurs [76, 77].”