Tweets are forever: a large-scale quantitative analysis of deleted tweets

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Social Data: Biases, Methodological Pitfalls, and Ethical Boundaries (2019, background): “Maddock et al. (2015) found that from tweets collected during the Boston Bombings in 2013, more than 13% were later unavailable; while Almuhimedi et al. (2013) that about 2.4% of tweets posted during 1 week in 2013 by about 300 million users, were later deleted (with about half of users deleting at…”
The Tweets They Are a-Changin: Evolution of Twitter Users and Behavior (2014, background): “Third, as has been show in previous work (Almuhimedi et al. 2013), most deleted tweets are deleted quickly after being issued.”
“Participant” Perceptions of Twitter Research Ethics (2018, methodology): “…4 further reflects high levels of discomfort around the idea of Tweets being collected from “protected” accounts and the idea of previously deleted Tweets being used for research, as has been done in studies such as Almuhimedi, Wilson, Liu, Sadeh, & Acquisti (2013) and Zhou, Wang, & Chen (2016).”
Everyone's Invited: A New Paradigm for Evaluation on Non-Transferable Datasets (2015, background): “restrictions or Terms of Service prohibit the direct sharing of datasets between researchers, and (2) the Data Decay problem where items in the original dataset are removed by users as time passes, further exacerbating the replication problem (McCreadie et al. 2012; Almuhimedi et al. 2013).”