Antibiotic-free poultry production: Is it sustainable?
By H. Cervantes. 2015
153 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Abstract There is growing acknowledgement that use of antibiotics in people is the primary driver of antibiotic-resistant infections in humans [ 1 , 7. , 8. , 9. ], however, antibiotic-free production of poultry has become increasingly popular. Consumer perception is that antibiotic-free produced poultry is superior to conventionally raised poultry in spite of a lack of supporting scientific data [ 2 ]. A widely accepted definition of antibiotic-free poultry in the United States is that there is “no use of antibiotics (including ionophore anticoccidials) at the farm.” That means that coccidiosis and necrotic enteritis prevention must rely on synthetic or “chemical” anticoccidials, or on live coccidiosis vaccines, or on rotations between drugs and vaccines. The problem with this approach is that chemical anticoccidials (with the exception of nicarbazin) build coccidial resistance much quicker than ionophores and must be rested for a prolonged period of time. Further, there are limited numbers of anticoccidials of this class on the market. Moreover, unlike the ionophores, the chemicals do not have an antibiotic effect that aids in the prevention of necrotic enteritis and typically nicarbazin is only used during the cool months. Additionally, live coccidiosis vaccines induce immunity by invading, replicating, and cycling through the intestines. The coccidial infection, therefore, damages the intestinal epithelium and predisposes the birds to necrotic enteritis [ 3 ]. These intestinal health problems lead to bird welfare issues that must be addressed in the antibiotic-free production system. Likewise, it is generally acknowledged that production efficiency (weight gain, feed conversion ratio, mortality and yield) is adversely impacted in the antibiotic-free production system [ 4 ]. Thus, antibiotic-free production results in a greater carbon footprint and is less efficient [ 5. , 6. ]. Companies considering raising antibiotic-free poultry must be aware of the expected adverse effects on bird health, production efficiency, and cost.
Subfields: Animal Science and Zoology, Insect Science
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/d639abef0d96e2b4671b7280d85b0e92e7aa0e21
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Citations in the corpus
- Future demands of the poultry industry: will we meet our commitments sustainably in developed and developing economies? (2021, background): “The danger of consumers imbibing harmful drug residues from consuming poultry products, and the notion that these drugs somehow contribute to an increase in drug-resistant bacteria, are more perceptions than a reality (Bywater and Casewell 2000; Cervantes 2015).”