Influence of heat stress or feed restriction on plasma progesterone, oestradiol-17β, LH, FSH, prolactin and cortisol in Holstein heifers

By B. Ronchi, G. Stradaioli, A. V. Supplizi, U. Bernabucci, Nicola Lacetera, P. Accorsi, A. Nardone, E. Seren. 2001

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Climatic Effects on Productive Traits in Livestock (2006, background): “Heat stress compromises oocyte growth in cows by altering progesterone, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone secretions during the oestrus cycle ( Ronchi et al., 2001 ), as well as impairing embryo development and increasing embryo mortality (Wolfenson et al., 2000).”
Metabolic and hormonal acclimation to heat stress in domesticated ruminants. (2010, background): “In dairy cattle, the glucocorticoids decrease during acclimation at 358C (Alvarez and Johnson, 1973) and are lower in thermal-acclimated animals compared with controls (Ronchi et al., 2001).”
Heat stress and seasonal effects on reproduction in the dairy cow--a review. (2003, background): “In addition, the metabolic hormone prolactin is temperature sensitive and its levels in summer are increased [34,36,71].”
Physiological and biochemical blood variables of goats subjected to heat stress – a review (2018, background): “In stressed animals, some authors observed cortisol levels between 4.5 and 15.6 ng/ml (Ronchi et al. 2001), and values between 21.5 and 43.0 ng/ml (Du Preez 2000).”