Applied Physics: Observation of the Spin Hall Effect in Semiconductors

By Arthur C. Gossard, David D. Awschalom, Roberto C. Myers. 2004

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Nobel Lecture: Origin, development, and future of spintronics (2008, background): “…have been announced but the situation is not clear on this front yet. iii The research is now very active on a third road exploiting spin-polarized currents induced by spin-orbit effects, namely, the spin Hall Zhang, 2000; Kato et al., 2004; Koenig et al., 2007 , Rashba, or Dresselhaus effects.”
Geometrodynamics of spinning light (2008, background): “Here S3 [ (21, 1) is the mean helicity—the expectation value of the quantum helicity s 1⁄4+1— and its conservation signifies the adiabatic evolution of photons.”
Spin-Torque and Spin-Hall Nano-Oscillators (2015, background): “The SHE can produce a pure spin current in a direction perpendicular to a charge current [17], [18], which can in turn exert substantial STT on an adjacent magnetic layer.”
Berry phase effects on electronic properties (2009, background): “They are first observed in semiconductors (Kato et al., 2004; Sih et al., 2005; Wunderlich et al., 2005), and later in metals (Kimura et al., 2007; Seki et al., 2008; Valenzuela and Tinkham, 2006).”