Medium-Voltage Multilevel Converters—State of the Art, Challenges, and Requirements in Industrial Applications

By Haitham Abu-Rub, Joachim Holtz, José Raúl Rodríguez Rodríguez, Baoming Ge. IEEE transactions on industrial electronics (1982. Print), 2010

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A review of LCC-HVDC and VSC-HVDC technologies and applications (2016, background): “However it suffer setback as its less attractive for high voltage transmission due to difficulty in charging and discharging of its dc capacitor, lack of modular index and large inductance stray in the clamping path which have effect on the converter switching characteristics [33, 34].”
Modular Multilevel Converters for Transportation Electrification: Challenges and Opportunities (2018, background): “Several multilevel converter topologies and their applications are investigated in [4]–[6].”
Synchronized Space-Vector PWM for Three-Level VSI With Lower Harmonic Distortion and Switching Frequency (2016, background): “to a major portion of the total device losses, and excessive switching losses will limit the current-carrying capability of semiconductor devices, and thus, inverter power output and efficiency get reduced [3]–[5].”
A General Review of Multilevel Inverters Based on Main Submodules: Structural Point of View (2019, background): “and more complexity on the overall system design [67].”
Phase-Shifted Carrier-Based Synchronized Sinusoidal PWM Techniques for a Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter (2018, background): “Increasing the power rating by minimizing the switching frequency while still maintaining reasonable power quality is an important requirement and a persistent challenge [2], [3].”