Research progress in toughening modification of poly(lactic acid)

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Biobased additive plasticizing Polylactic acid (PLA) (2015, background): “Different types of plasticizers have been investigated to improve the flexible properties of PLA such as poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG), citrate esters[11-15], oligomeric lactic acid[16] and triacetine[14,16].”
Optimising Ductility of Poly(Lactic Acid)/Poly(Butylene Adipate-co-Terephthalate) Blends Through Co-continuous Phase Morphology (2018, methodology): “To toughen PLA, a number of methods such as melt blending, plasticization, copolymerization and incorporation of impact modifiers have been applied [6, 7].”
Properties and medical applications of polylactic acid: A review (2015, background): “Although the tensile strength and Young’s modulus (good stiffness) of PLA were comparable to PET, the poor toughness limited its use in applications requiring plastic deformation at higher stress levels, which has motivated the considerable interest toward the toughening of PLA over last five years ”
Mechanical recycling of polylactide, upgrading trends and combination of valorization techniques (2016, background): “One of the main research lines to improve PLA properties is focused on PLA toughening by diverse routes such as plasticization, copolymerization, and melt blending with flexible polymers, as detailed in literature [102].”