The Large Longitudinal Spread of Solar Energetic Particles During the 17 January 2010 Solar Event
By N. Dresing, R. G'omez-Herrero, A. Klassen, B. Heber, Y. Kartavykh, W. Droge. 2012
141 citations recorded by the source corpus.
We investigate multi-spacecraft observations of the 17 January 2010 solar energetic particle event. Energetic electrons and protons have been observed over a remarkable large longitudinal range at the two STEREO spacecraft and SOHO, suggesting a longitudinal spread of nearly 360 degrees at 1 AU. The flaring active region, which was on the backside of the Sun as seen from Earth, was separated by more than 100 degrees in longitude from the magnetic footpoints of each of the three spacecraft. The event is characterized by strongly delayed energetic particle onsets with respect to the flare and only small or no anisotropies in the intensity measurements at all three locations. The presence of a coronal shock is evidenced by the observation of a type II radio burst from the Earth and STEREO-B. In order to describe the observations in terms of particle transport in the interplanetary medium, including perpendicular diffusion, a 1D model describing the propagation along a magnetic field line (model 1) (Dröge, Astrophys. J. 589, 1027 – 1039, 2003) and the 3D propagation model (model 2) by Dröge et al. (Astrophys. J. 709, 912 – 919, 2010) including perpendicular diffusion in the interplanetary medium have been applied. While both models are capable of reproducing the observations, model 1 requires injection functions at the Sun of several hours. Model 2, which includes lateral transport in the solar wind, reveals high values for the ratio of perpendicular to parallel diffusion. Because we do not find evidence for unusual long injection functions at the Sun, we favor a scenario with strong perpendicular transport in the interplanetary medium as an explanation for the observations.
Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Geophysics
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/d45941753a37da7d22b79e0de827d4a54bd2d0b7
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Citations in the corpus
- Solar flares, coronal mass ejections and solar energetic particle event characteristics (2016, background): “cross-field diffusion (Dresing et al. 2012; Dröge et al. 2014); (c) the perpendicular transport of particles through processes other than diffusion (Wiedenbeck et al.”
- The Interaction of Successive Coronal Mass Ejections: A Review (2016, background): “From STEREO observations, with widely separated spacecraft, it is recognized that SEPs are indeed widespread phenomena (see, e.g., Dresing et al., 2012).”
- History and development of coronal mass ejections as a key player in solar terrestrial relationship (2016, background): “Multiple views also helped recognize many SEP events that are observed all around the Sun (see e.g., Dresing et al. 2012; Lario et al. 2013) providing opportunities to test the CME origin and heliospheric propagation of energetic particles.”
- > 25 MeV Proton Events Observed by the High Energy Telescopes on the STEREO A and B Spacecraft and/or at Earth During the First ∼ Seven Years of the STEREO Mission (2014, methodology): “On the other hand, we note that Dresing et al. (2012) favor a role for strong perpendicular diffusion in the 17 January 2010 SEP event based on the results of a 3D particle transport model.”