Analysis of a Waveguide-Fed Metasurface Antenna

By David R. Smith, O. Yurduseven, L. Mancera, P. Bowen, Nathan B. Kundtz. 2017

332 citations recorded by the source corpus.

The metasurface concept has emerged as an advantageous reconfigurable antenna architecture for beam forming and wavefront shaping, with applications that include satellite and terrestrial communications, radar, imaging, and wireless power transfer. The metasurface antenna consists of an array of metamaterial elements distributed over an electrically large structure, each subwavelength in dimension and with subwavelength separation between elements. In the antenna configuration we consider here, the metasurface is excited by the fields from an attached waveguide. Each metamaterial element can be modeled as a polarizable dipole that couples the waveguide mode to radiation modes. Distinct from the phased array and electronically scanned antenna (ESA) architectures, a dynamic metasurface antenna does not require active phase shifters and amplifiers, but rather achieves reconfigurability by shifting the resonance frequency of each individual metamaterial element. Here we derive the basic properties of a one-dimensional waveguide-fed metasurface antenna in the approximation that the metamaterial elements do not perturb the waveguide mode and are non-interacting. We derive analytical approximations for the array factors of the 1D antenna, including the effective polarizabilities needed for amplitude-only, phase-only, and binary constraints. Using full-wave numerical simulations, we confirm the analysis, modeling waveguides with slots or complementary metamaterial elements patterned into one of the surfaces.

Subfields: Aerospace Engineering, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/d415927d8819535c2962c177cd2927156bf4d8a1

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Citations in the corpus

Hybrid Beamforming for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface based Multi-User Communications: Achievable Rates With Limited Discrete Phase Shifts (2019, methodology): “This is a common assumption widely used in the literature on both meta-surfaces [4] and traditional antenna arrays [23].”
Scanning Rate Enhancement of Leaky-Wave Antennas Using Slow-Wave Substrate Integrated Waveguide Structure (2018, background): “Researchers also explored some slow-wave structures based on parallel plate waveguide [19] or microstrip line [20].”
Near-Field Communications: A Tutorial Review (2023, methodology): “By exploiting metamaterials, a metasurface antenna with numerous metamaterial radiation elements can be realized allowing for reduced power consumption and ultra-close element spacing on the order of 1 10λ ∼ 1 5λ [68].”
Dynamic Metasurface Antennas for 6G Extreme Massive MIMO Communications (2020, background): “beamforming, and reception of propagating waves [4].”
5G-Advanced Toward 6G: Past, Present, and Future (2023, background): “[65], [66] and are excited by an RF source.”
Holographic MIMO Communications: Theoretical Foundations, Enabling Technologies, and Future Directions (2022, methodology): “The amplitude-only weight is deduced from (12) by taking its real part in the following formulation [139] where X n and M n are real-valued positive variables.”
Metantenna: When Metasurface Meets Antenna Again (2020, background): “One of the most typical configurations of such metantennas is the so-called in-plane feed planar antennas, as illustrated in [161].”
Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces: Principles and Opportunities (2020, methodology): “Here, we discuss three important RIS working conditions: waveguide [27], refraction [28] and reflection [29].”