Long-range absorption enhancement in organic tandem thin-film solar cells containing silver nanoclusters

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Plasmonic nanocavity arrays for enhanced efficiency in organic photovoltaic cells (2008, background): “Plasmonic photovoltaic structures have been examined previously in the context of dispersed metallic nanoparticles, increasing absorption in OPVs [4].”
A Review of Ultrahigh Efficiency III-V Semiconductor Compound Solar Cells: Multijunction Tandem, Lower Dimensional, Photonic Up/Down Conversion and Plasmonic Nanometallic Structures (2009, background): “Applications of such plasmonic metal nanoparticles to other types of solar cells such as dye-sensitized solar cells and organic solar cells have been also reported [116–118].”
Plasmonic effect of gold nanoparticles in organic solar cells (2014, background): “…Au NPs are very similar or smaller in size (5–50 nm) to the wavelength of light, they can act as antennas for the incident light storing the energy in a localized surface plasmon modes with up to 100 times enhancement of the electric field (Duche et al., 2009; Rand et al., 2004; Shen et al., 2009).”
Improving light absorption in organic solar cells by plasmonic contribution (2009, background): “[11] have studied the optical properties of NPs and have shown that enhancing electromagnetic field by plasmonic excitation allows to increase conversion efficiency of tandem organic cells by increasing the excitation generation rate.”