Changes of endogenous jasmonic acid and methyl jasmonate in apples and sweet cherries during fruit development.

By S. Kondo, A. Tomiyama, H. Seto. 2000

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Trans-jasmonic acid (JA), cis-JA, and trans-methyl jasmonate (MeJA) were quantified in pulp and seeds of 'Tsugaru' apple (Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill. var. domestica (Borkh.) Mansf.) and 'Satohnishiki' sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.). Trans-JA and cis-JA showed similar changes during development in both types of fruit. JA concentration was high in the early growth stages of apple pulp development, decreased with days after full bloom (DAFB), and then increased again during maturation. There was an initial decrease in concentration of MeJA in apple pulp, followed by a general increase towards harvest. Concentrations of JA and MeJA in the pulp of sweet cherry were high during early growth stages, then decreased towards harvest. PDJ treatment at 104 DAFB (preclimacteric stage) increased endogenous abscisic acid concentration and anthocyanin concentration at 122 and 131 DAFB (maturation stages) in apple. JA concentration in apple seeds was also high in the early growth stages, then decreased, and finally peaked at harvest. MeJA concentration in apple seeds increased towards harvest. In the seeds of sweet cherry, JA and MeJA concentrations generally increased until harvest. In both types of fruit, concentrations of JA and MeJA in the seeds were higher than those of pulp. On a dry weight basis, changes in concentration in the seeds preceded those in the pulp. These results demonstrate that relatively high amounts of JA and MeJA are associated with young developing fruit. These substances may have a role in regulation of fruit growth at early growth stages, though this has not been demonstrated. Chemical name used: n-propyl dihydrojasmonate (PDJ). The effects of plant hormones on fruit maturation differ for climacteric and nonclimacteric fruit. Abscisic acid (ABA), rather than ethylene, plays a role in the onset of fruit maturation in nonclimacteric fruit (Kondo and Inoue, 1997). The influence of jasmonates on fruit maturation may also differ between climacteric and nonclimacteric fruit although this has not been investigated. The JA analog, PDJ, influences growth of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and rice in the field, and alters sugar and tartaric acid concentration in grape berries compared to controls (Fujisawa et al., 1996, 1997). ABA is synthesized from carotenoids through lipoxygenase action (Parry and Horgan, 1991a) and it has been reported that lipoxygenase activity increased in MeJA-treated apple fruit (Olias et al., 1992). PDJ application may influence ABA metabolism, and therefore fruit maturation. However, the effects of jasmonate on ABA in the fruit have not been examined. In the present study, changes in endogenous concentrations of JA and its methyl ester, MeJA, in pulp and seeds of apple (climacteric) and sweet cherry (Prunus avium) (nonclimacteric) fruit were examined during fruit development. Additionally, endogenous ABA concentrations in fruit treated with PDJ were compared to that of control (nontreated) fruit.

Subfields: Plant Science

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/d20596a83f94e9ce27d238f7df98c92146924a6f

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  2. Yuanxin Yan
  3. E. Borrego

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