The GFDL Global Atmosphere and Land Model AM4.0/LM4.0: 2. Model Description, Sensitivity Studies, and Tuning Strategies

By Ming Zhao, J. Golaz, I. Held, Huan Guo, V. Balaji, R. Benson, Jan‐Huey Chen, Xi Chen, Leo Donner, J. Dunne and 35 more. 2018

295 citations recorded by the source corpus.

In Part 2 of this two‐part paper, documentation is provided of key aspects of a version of the AM4.0/LM4.0 atmosphere/land model that will serve as a base for a new set of climate and Earth system models (CM4 and ESM4) under development at NOAA's Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL). The quality of the simulation in AMIP (Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project) mode has been provided in Part 1. Part 2 provides documentation of key components and some sensitivities to choices of model formulation and values of parameters, highlighting the convection parameterization and orographic gravity wave drag. The approach taken to tune the model's clouds to observations is a particular focal point. Care is taken to describe the extent to which aerosol effective forcing and Cess sensitivity have been tuned through the model development process, both of which are relevant to the ability of the model to simulate the evolution of temperatures over the last century when coupled to an ocean model.

Subfields: Atmospheric Science, Global and Planetary Change

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/cf1c3dcd0cc3c9234424188c8af6070a88148953

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Atmospheric Science

1. J. Golaz
2. L. Harris
3. Robert Hallberg
4. V. Larson
5. S. Griffies
6. A. Rosati
7. Andrew T. Wittenberg
8. Shian‐Jiann Lin

In Global and Planetary Change

1. J. Golaz
2. V. Larson
3. Shian‐Jiann Lin
4. L. Harris
5. S. Griffies
6. Robert Hallberg
7. Wuyin Lin
8. Alistair Adcroft

Citations in the corpus

• The GFDL Global Atmosphere and Land Model AM4.0/LM4.0: 1. Simulation Characteristics With Prescribed SSTs (2018, background): “The formulation of key model components is discussed much more fully in Zhao et al. (2018) (below referred to as Part 2), where the sensitivity of the simulation to some of the choices within these model components is also discussed, with particular attention to the choices in the convection,…”
• Structure and Performance of GFDL's CM4.0 Climate Model (2019, methodology): “0's climatological biases in deep convection (Figure 11 of Zhao et al., 2018a).”
• Understanding Cloud and Convective Characteristics in Version 1 of the E3SM Atmosphere Model (2018, background): “Note that retuning is often necessary when a climate model goes through major changes in its physical parameterizations and resolution (Hack et al., 2006; Hourdin et al., 2016; Schmidt et al., 2017; Zhao et al., 2018).”
• The GFDL Earth System Model Version 4.1 (GFDL‐ESM 4.1): Overall Coupled Model Description and Simulation Characteristics (2020, methodology): “Physical developments include the ability to draw on larger high performance computing resources to increase resolution, and to improve dynamical and physical parameterizations in atmosphere [Zhao et al., 2018], ocean and sea ice [Adcroft et al.”