Effects of charge and electrostatic potential on lightning propagation

By L. M. Coleman, T. Marshall, M. Stolzenburg, T. Hamlin, P. Krehbiel, W. Rison, R. Thomas, W. Winn. 2001

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Simulated Electrification of a Small Thunderstorm with Two-Moment Bulk Microphysics (2010, background): “Coleman et al. (2008) interpreted the fastest 2CG flashes as indicating the absence of a positive potential well, but an alternative explanation lies in the relative magnitude (and three-dimensional extents) of the positive to the negative potential regions or that the maximum potential in the posit”
Lightning location relative to storm structure in a leading‐line, trailing‐stratiform mesoscale convective system (2005, background): “Lightning discharges are initialized by a bidirectional leader [Mazur and Ruhnke, 1993] in regions of cloud where the electric field is highest [ Coleman et al., 2003 ].”
Numerically Simulated Electrification and Lightning of the 29 June 2000 STEPS Supercell Storm (2006, background): “When a simulated leader travels through a region of opposite polarity, a localized reversal in the net charge can occur within the larger charge region, thereby leading to a more complex charge structure (Helsdon et al. 1992; Mansell et al. 2002; Coleman et al. 2003).”
Theory and Observations of Controls on Lightning Flash Size Spectra (2013, background): “Each end of the lightning flash tends to propagate toward and then remain within a potential well about an extremum in potential (MacGorman et al. 2001; Coleman et al. 2003).”