Novel enzymes for the degradation of cellulose
By S. Horn, G. Vaaje-Kolstad, B. Westereng, V. Eijsink. Biotechnology for Biofuels, 2012
987 citations recorded by the source corpus.
The bulk terrestrial biomass resource in a future bio-economy will be lignocellulosic biomass, which is recalcitrant and challenging to process. Enzymatic conversion of polysaccharides in the lignocellulosic biomass will be a key technology in future biorefineries and this technology is currently the subject of intensive research. We describe recent developments in enzyme technology for conversion of cellulose, the most abundant, homogeneous and recalcitrant polysaccharide in lignocellulosic biomass. In particular, we focus on a recently discovered new type of enzymes currently classified as CBM33 and GH61 that catalyze oxidative cleavage of polysaccharides. These enzymes promote the efficiency of classical hydrolytic enzymes (cellulases) by acting on the surfaces of the insoluble substrate, where they introduce chain breaks in the polysaccharide chains, without the need of first “extracting” these chains from their crystalline matrix.
Subfields: Biomedical Engineering, Biotechnology, Plant Science
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/cb926f907605579fcc16e7900f0bd9d2432d53ed
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Citations in the corpus
- Microbial enzymes for the recycling of recalcitrant petroleum‐based plastics: how far are we? (2017, background): “The degree of crystallinity of the polymers has therefore a strong influence on their biodegradability (Urgun-Demirtas et al., 2007; Brueckner et al., 2008; Jenkins and Harrison, 2008; Eberl et al., 2009; Ronkvist et al., 2009; Horn et al., 2012; Webb et al., 2013; Restrepo-Fl orez et al., 2014; Wei”
- Lignocellulosic biomass: Biosynthesis, degradation, and industrial utilization (2016, background): “html) that is rare in eukaryotes and is structurally similar to the AA9 family (formerly glycoside hydrolase family 61, GH61), which is instead well represented in eukaryotes, especially in fungi [27].”
- Expansion of the enzymatic repertoire of the CAZy database to integrate auxiliary redox enzymes (2013, background): “AA10 proteins are not limited to a specific kingdom, but are so far predominantly represented in bacteria [54].”
- Enzymatic degradation of polymers: A brief review (2014, background): “These cellulolytic enzymes are broadly divided in three categories: (i) endo-1,4-b-glucanases which cleave the cellulose chain randomly (ii) exo-1,4-b-glucanases acts on the cellulose polymer ends (reducing/non-reducing) (iii) b-glucosidases catalyse the cellobiose (major product of the endo- and ex”
- Lignocellulases: a review of emerging and developing enzymes, systems, and practices (2017, background): “According to reports, LPMOs complement the functionality of the canonical cellulases by improving substrate accessibility and introducing chain breaks in the cellulose strand by oxidative means (Vaaje-Kolstad et al. 2010; Horn et al. 2012).”
- Novel perspectives for evolving enzyme cocktails for lignocellulose hydrolysis in biorefineries (2013, neutral): “cleavage of polysaccharides have been discovered [17,40].”
- Enzymatic breakdown of lignocellulosic biomass: the role of glycosyl hydrolases and lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (2017, background): “These enzymes have since been reclassified as LPMOs [105], as their oxidation reaction for cleaving the glycosidic bonds”