Clinical Electroencephalography for Anesthesiologists Part I: Background and Basic Signatures
By Patrick L. Purdon, A. Sampson, Kara J. Pavone, Emery N. Brown. Anesthesiology, 2015
708 citations recorded by the source corpus.
The widely used electroencephalogram-based indices for depth-of-anesthesia monitoring assume that the same index value defines the same level of unconsciousness for all anesthetics. In contrast, we show that different anesthetics act at different molecular targets and neural circuits to produce distinct brain states that are readily visible in the electroencephalogram. We present a two-part review to educate anesthesiologists on use of the unprocessed electroencephalogram and its spectrogram to track the brain states of patients receiving anesthesia care. Here in part I, we review the biophysics of the electroencephalogram and the neurophysiology of the electroencephalogram signatures of three intravenous anesthetics: propofol, dexmedetomidine, and ketamine, and four inhaled anesthetics: sevoflurane, isoflurane, desflurane, and nitrous oxide. Later in part II, we discuss patient management using these electroencephalogram signatures. Use of these electroencephalogram signatures suggests a neurophysiologically based paradigm for brain state monitoring of patients receiving anesthesia care.
Subfields: Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Developmental Neuroscience
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/c9a4bd50ae2b1db7bae00e9bf371a07f29b47a70
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Citations in the corpus
- Hemispherotomy leads to persistent sleep-like slow waves in the isolated cortex of awake humans (2025, unknown): “In contrast, a recent case report involving the surgical isolation of a portion of the frontal lobe [158] revealed an EEG dominated by slow waves, along with a localized intracranial pattern of burst suppression—a hallmark of the deepest stages of anesthesia and profound coma [117,159–161].”
- Developmental trajectories of EEG aperiodic and periodic components in children 2–44 months of age (2024, unknown): “The following channels, in addition to the 10 – 20 electrodes, were used for MARA: 64-channel net – 16, 9, 8, 3, 58, 57, 21, 25, 18, 30, 43, 50, 53, 32, 33, 38, 41, 45; and 128-channel net - 28, 19, 4, 117, 13, 112, 41, 47, 37, 55, 87, 103, 98, 65, 67, 77, 90, 75.”
- Spatiotemporal patterns of theta-band activity during rapid-eye movement sleep: a magnetoencephalography analysis (2024, background): “The amplitude and even peak frequency of alpha activity is known to change across states of consciousness including sleep stages and anesthesia (Mierau et al., 2017; Purdon et al., 2015).”