Doping graphene with metal contacts.

By P. Khomyakov, G. Giovannetti, G. Brocks, V. Karpan, J. van den Brink, P. Kelly. Physical Review Letters, 2008

2,227 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Making devices with graphene necessarily involves making contacts with metals. We use density functional theory to study how graphene is doped by adsorption on metal substrates and find that weak bonding on Al, Ag, Cu, Au, and Pt, while preserving its unique electronic structure, can still shift the Fermi level with respect to the conical point by approximately 0.5 eV. At equilibrium separations, the crossover from p-type to n-type doping occurs for a metal work function of approximately 5.4 eV, a value much larger than the graphene work function of 4.5 eV. The numerical results for the Fermi level shift in graphene are described very well by a simple analytical model which characterizes the metal solely in terms of its work function, greatly extending their applicability.

Subfields: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Materials Chemistry

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/c97a6eba4b62b9f789e97862769cea6f53575c1e

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Citations in the corpus

A role for graphene in silicon-based semiconductor devices (2011, background): “Graphene shows weak binding with metals such as copper, gold and platinum on their (111) surfaces, where graphene preserves its band structur”
Ultra-compact integrated graphene plasmonic photodetector with bandwidth above 110 GHz (2018, background): “Another promising scheme is to break the symmetry of potential profile of the device by different metallic-induced doping [29] near metal-graphene contact regions.”
Probing the Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio in graphene/metal interfaces and graphite: a comparative study (2015, background): “In this case, a strong hybridization between the substrate d bands and the π bands of graphene occurs[11].”
Contact and edge effects in graphene devices. (2008, background): “, the detailed properties of metal contacts with graphene (which might have significant implications for charge transport in such device”
Frontiers of graphene and 2D material-based gas sensors for environmental monitoring (2020, background): “[229] Giovannetti G, Khomyakov P A, Brocks G, Karpan V M,”