A successful 3D core-collapse supernova explosion model

By D. Vartanyan, Adam Burrows, David Radice, A. Skinner, Joshua C. Dolence. Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2018

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In this paper, we present the results of our three-dimensional, multi-group, multi-neutrino-species radiation/hydrodynamic simulation using the state-of-the-art code F{\sc{ornax}} of the terminal dynamics of the core of a non-rotating 16-M$_{\odot}$ stellar progenitor. The calculation incorporates redistribution by inelastic scattering, a correction for the effect of many-body interactions on the neutrino-nucleon scattering rates, approximate general relativity (including the effects of gravitational redshifts), velocity-dependent frequency advection, and an implementation of initial perturbations in the progenitor core. The model explodes within $\sim$100 milliseconds of bounce (near when the silicon-oxygen interface is accreted through the temporarily-stalled shock) and by the end of the simulation (here, $\sim$677 milliseconds after bounce) is accumulating explosion energy at a rate of $\sim$2.5$\times$10$^{50}$ ergs s$^{-1}$. The supernova explosion resembles an asymmetrical multi-plume structure, with one hemisphere predominating. The gravitational mass of the residual proto-neutron star at $\sim$677 milliseconds is $\sim$1.42 M$_{\odot}$. Even at the end of the simulation, explosion in most of the solid angle is accompanied by some accretion in an annular fraction at the wasp-like waist of the debris field. The ejecta electron fraction (Y$_e$) is distributed from $\sim$0.48 to $\sim$0.56, with most of the ejecta mass proton-rich. This may have implications for supernova nucleosynthesis, and could have a bearing on the p- and $\nu$p-processes and on the site of the first peak of the r-process. The ejecta spatial distributions of both Y$_e$ and mass density are predominantly in wide-angle plumes and large-scale structures, but are nevertheless quite patchy.

Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/c8fb6a45a002a3034d1f7867813c6d8eec672a21

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The overarching framework of core-collapse supernova explosions as revealed by 3D fornax simulations (2019, methodology): “…plateaus/peaks 3 This natural facet of CCSN theory in the multi-dimensional context has been discussed before, for example in Burrows et al. (2018), Vartanyan et al. (2019), and Burrows et al. (2019). in the νe (post-breakout) and ν̄e luminosities ranging by a factor of ∼2 and in the νµ…”