Heat distribution and the future competitiveness of district heating

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How researchers see this paper

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Heat Roadmap Europe: Identifying strategic heat synergy regions (2014, background): “Noteworthy, previous studies by the authors have shown that district heating can expand cost-effectively by three times or more compared to current levels in European city centres (Persson and Werner, 2011), and these conditions are expected not to be significantly altered by reduced future heat dem”
The role of district heating in the future Danish energy system (2012, background): “That it is feasible to expand district heating networks is supported by several optimization studies done at local level [6,8-12,27].”
Synergies of sector coupling and transmission reinforcement in a cost-optimised, highly renewable European energy system (2018, methodology): “This roughly agrees with the investment cost of high-density district heating in [92] of 208 AC/kW (converted from 2 AC/GJ using the average European peak-to-average ratio for heat demand of 3.”
District heating and cooling: Review of technology and potential enhancements (2012, background): “Numerous studies have been reported of Swedish DE [62,3,33,86,18,57,65,25,34].”
Heat Roadmap Europe: Combining district heating with heat savings to decarbonise the EU energy system (2014, background): “However, from a technical viewpoint, previous research suggests that there is a sufficient heat demand in many cities in Europe for district heating (Werner, 2006; Persson and Werner, 2011).”