Environmental factors influencing the development and spread of antibiotic resistance
By Johan Bengtsson-Palme, Erik Kristiansson, D. Larsson. FEMS Microbiology Reviews, 2017
997 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Abstract Antibiotic resistance and its wider implications present us with a growing healthcare crisis. Recent research points to the environment as an important component for the transmission of resistant bacteria and in the emergence of resistant pathogens. However, a deeper understanding of the evolutionary and ecological processes that lead to clinical appearance of resistance genes is still lacking, as is knowledge of environmental dispersal barriers. This calls for better models of how resistance genes evolve, are mobilized, transferred and disseminated in the environment. Here, we attempt to define the ecological and evolutionary environmental factors that contribute to resistance development and transmission. Although mobilization of resistance genes likely occurs continuously, the great majority of such genetic events do not lead to the establishment of novel resistance factors in bacterial populations, unless there is a selection pressure for maintaining them or their fitness costs are negligible. To enable preventative measures it is therefore critical to investigate under what conditions and to what extent environmental selection for resistance takes place. In addition, understanding dispersal barriers is not only key to evaluate risks, but also to prevent resistant pathogens, as well as novel resistance genes, from reaching humans.
Subfields: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Molecular Medicine, Pollution
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/c733d35214d0bf595fb53c2ca4ed2dfe1a71aad7
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Citations in the corpus
- Antibiotic Resistance Mechanisms in Bacteria: Relationships Between Resistance Determinants of Antibiotic Producers, Environmental Bacteria, and Clinical Pathogens (2018, background): “Other settings, considered to be hot-spots (described in section “Role of HGT in Transfer of Antibiotic Resistance Genes”), where human-associated and environmental bacteria co-exist, also provide significant opportunities for exchange of resistance genes as well as selection for resistance (Bengtss”