Synthesis and applications of one-dimensional semiconductors
By S. Barth, F. Hernández-ramírez, Justin D. Holmes, Albert Romano-Rodriguez. 2010
485 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Abstract Nanoscale inorganic materials such as quantum dots (0-dimensional) and one-dimensional (1D) structures, such as nanowires, nanobelts and nanotubes, have gained tremendous attention within the last decade. Among the huge variety of 1D nanostructures, semiconducting nanowires have gained particular interest due to their potential applications in optoelectronic and electronic devices. Despite the huge efforts to control and understand the growth mechanisms underlying the formation of these highly anisotropic structures, some fundamental phenomena are still not well understood. For example, high aspect-ratio semiconductors exhibit unexpected growth phenomena, e.g. diameter-dependent and temperature-dependent growth directions, and unusual high doping levels or compositions, which are not known for their macroscopic crystals or thin-film counterparts. This article reviews viable synthetic approaches for growing high aspect-ratio semiconductors from bottom-up techniques, such as crystal structure governed nucleation, metal-promoted vapour phase and solution growth, formation in non-metal seeded gas-phase processes, structure directing templates and electrospinning. In particular new experimental findings and theoretical models relating to the frequently applied vapour–liquid–solid (VLS) growth are highlighted. In addition, the top-down application of controlled chemical etching, using novel masking techniques, is described as a viable approach for generating certain 1D structures. The review highlights the controlled synthesis of semiconducting nanostructures and heterostructures of silicon, germanium, gallium nitride, gallium arsenide, cadmium sulphide, zinc oxide and tin oxide. The alignment of 1D nanostructures will be reviewed briefly. Whilst specific and reliable contact procedures are still a major challenge for the integration of 1D nanostructures as active building blocks, this issue will not be the focus of this paper. However, the promising applications of 1D semiconductors will be highlighted, particularly with reference to surface dependent electronic transduction (gas and biological sensors), energy generation (nanomechanical and photovoltaic) devices, energy storage (lithium storage in battery anodes) as well as nanowire photonics.
Subfields: Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Materials Chemistry
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/c5bd74da9129f896a9de65089c6a4eee2f439f44
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Citations in the corpus
- Evaluating the performance of nanostructured materials as lithium-ion battery electrodes (2013, background): “One form of particular interest is the one-dimensional (1D) Si nanowire, which displays a high aspect ratio and has found numerous applications in semiconductor and other technologies [19].”
- Electrospinning of ceramic nanofibers: Fabrication, assembly and applications (2012, background): “Electrospinning ceramic nanofiber, which has extremely high surface area according to its small size and provides fast charge-transfer channels along its 1D nanostructure, has been considered as an ideal material system for energy storage applications [94-138].”
- Highly sensitive and selective dimethylamine sensors based on hierarchical ZnO architectures composed of nanorods and nanosheet-assembled microspheres (2012, unknown): “these years [2–5].”
- ZnS nanostructures: From synthesis to applications (2011, background): “For technological applications, nanometer precision synthesis, positioning and interconnection of these building blocks for the direct integration, or a reliable post-assembly process of nanostructures, to implement them in well established manufacturing processes have to be achieved in order to gua”