The gut microbiota and the brain-gut-kidney axis in hypertension and chronic kidney disease

By Tao Yang, E. Richards, C. Pepine, M. Raizada. Nature Reviews Nephrology, 2018

641 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Crosstalk between the gut microbiota and the host has attracted considerable attention owing to its involvement in diverse diseases. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is commonly associated with hypertension and is characterized by immune dysregulation, metabolic disorder and sympathetic activation, which are all linked to gut dysbiosis and altered host–microbiota crosstalk. In this Review, we discuss the complex interplay between the brain, the gut, the microbiota and the kidney in CKD and hypertension and explain our brain–gut–kidney axis hypothesis for the pathogenesis of these diseases. Consideration of the role of the brain–gut–kidney axis in the maintenance of normal homeostasis and of dysregulation of this axis in CKD and hypertension could lead to the identification of novel therapeutic targets. In addition, the discovery of unique microbial communities and their associated metabolites and the elucidation of brain–gut–kidney signalling are likely to fill fundamental knowledge gaps leading to innovative research, clinical trials and treatments for CKD and hypertension.Increasing evidence suggests an important role of the gut microbiota in the development of hypertension and chronic kidney disease. In this Review, the authors explain their brain–gut–kidney axis hypothesis for the pathogenesis of these diseases.Key pointsThe gut microbiota has crucial roles in a variety of diseases, including hypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD).The gut microbiota communicates with the endocrine, nervous and immune systems to regulate host homeostasis, including blood pressure and kidney functions.The gut–kidney axis is mediated through metabolism-dependent and immune pathways.The brain–gut–kidney axis involves connections between these organs that are mediated by descending autonomic regulation from the brain and signals from the gut and the kidney, such as immune products and microbial metabolites.Potential therapeutic strategies for CKD and hypertension that target the gut microbiota include dietary interventions, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, faecal microbiota transplant and metabolome modulation.

Subfields: Biological Psychiatry, Molecular Biology, Physiology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/c51d2b8ed5e643680b1aa9519fd3ee5bf3b85ece

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

1. Zhuoxun Wu
2. Kaijian Hou
3. Jilin Li
4. Xuan-Yu Chen
5. D. Zhu
6. Dongya Zhang
7. Jing-Quan Wang
8. Jagadish B. Koya

Citations in the corpus

• Microbiota in health and diseases (2022, background): “The metabolic pathway is mostly focused on gut microbiota-produced metabolites that mediate host physiological functions, whereas the immune pathway depends on several other components like monocytes, lymphocytes, and cytokines, which facilitate the communication between the gut and kidney.(294) Rec”