Fiber‐Optic Communication Systems

By Govind P. Agrawal. 2021

3,137 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Preface. 1 Introduction. 1.1 Historical Perspective. 1.2 Basic Concepts. 1.3 Optical Communication Systems. 1.4 Lightwave System Components. Problems. References. 2 Optical Fibers. 2.1 Geometrical-Optics Description. 2.2 Wave Propagation. 2.3 Dispersion in Single-Mode Fibers. 2.4 Dispersion-Induced Limitations. 2.5 Fiber Losses. 2.6 Nonlinear Optical Effects. 2.7 Fiber Design and Fabrication. Problems. References. 3 Optical Transmitters. 3.1 Semiconductor Laser Physics. 3.2 Single-Mode Semiconductor Lasers. 3.3 Laser Characteristics. 3.4 Optical Signal Generation. 3.5 Light-Emitting Diodes. 3.6 Transmitter Design. Problems. References. 4 Optical Receivers. 4.1 Basic Concepts. 4.2 Common Photodetectors. 4.3 Receiver Design. 4.4 Receiver Noise. 4.5 Coherent Detection. 4.6 Receiver Sensitivity. 4.7 Sensitivity Degradation. 4.8 Receiver Performance. Problems. References. 5 Lightwave Systems. 5.1 System Architectures. 5.2 Design Guidelines. 5.3 Long-Haul Systems. 5.4 Sources of Power Penalty. 5.5 Forward Error Correction. 5.6 Computer-Aided Design. Problems. References. 6 Multichannel Systems. 6.1 WDM Lightwave Systems. 6.2 WDM Components. 6.3 System Performance Issues. 6.4 Time-Division Multiplexing. 6.5 Subcarrier Multiplexing. 6.6 Code-Division Multiplexing. Problems. References. 7 Loss Management. 7.1 Compensation of Fiber Losses. 7.2 Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers. 7.3 Raman Amplifiers. 7.4 Optical Signal-To-Noise Ratio. 7.5 Electrical Signal-To-Noise Ratio. 7.6 Receiver Sensitivity and Q Factor. 7.7 Role of Dispersive and Nonlinear Effects. 7.8 Periodically Amplified Lightwave Systems. Problems. References. 8 Dispersion Management. 8.1 Dispersion Problem and Its Solution. 8.2 Dispersion-Compensating Fibers. 8.3 Fiber Bragg Gratings. 8.4 Dispersion-Equalizing Filters. 8.5 Optical Phase Conjugation. 8.6 Channels at High Bit Rates. 8.7 Electronic Dispersion Compensation. Problems. References. 9 Control of Nonlinear Effects. 9.1 Impact of Fiber Nonlinearity. 9.2 Solitons in Optical Fibers. 9.3 Dispersion-Managed Solitons. 9.4 Pseudo-linear Lightwave Systems. 9.5 Control of Intrachannel Nonlinear Effects. Problems. References. 10 Advanced Lightwave Systems. 10.1 Advanced Modulation Formats. 10.2 Demodulation Schemes. 10.3 Shot Noise and Bit-Error Rate. 10.4 Sensitivity Degradation Mechanisms. 10.5 Impact of Nonlinear Effects. 10.6 Recent Progress. 10.7 Ultimate Channel Capacity. Problems. References. 11 Optical Signal Processing. 11.1 Nonlinear Techniques and Devices. 11.2 All-Optical Flip-Flops. 11.3 Wavelength Converters. 11.4 Ultrafast Optical Switching. 11.5 Optical Regenerators. Problems. References. A System of Units. B Acronyms. C General Formula for Pulse Broadening. D Software Package.

Subfields: Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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Citations in the corpus

Nonlinear limits to the information capacity of optical fibre communications (2000, background): “Each amplifier also injects spontaneous emission noise into the system with strength I1 = aGhν∆ν [5], with G being the amplifier gain, h the Planck’s constant, ν and ∆ν being the centre frequency and frequency bandwidth of light respectively.”
Fiber Impairment Compensation Using Coherent Detection and Digital Signal Processing (2010, background): “Traditionally, nonlinear impairments have been categorized into the following types [ 45 ]: 1) self-phase modulation (SPM): nonlinearity arising in a”
End-to-End Deep Learning of Optical Fiber Communications (2018, background): “Chromatic dispersion in the optical fiber is mathematically expressed by the partial differential equation [25]”
Performance of Dual-Polarization QPSK for Optical Transport Systems (2009, background): “where is the group-velocity dispersion (GVD) parameter in , is the angular frequency of the signal in rad/s, and is the length of the fiber in km. is equal to , where is the dispersion parameter of the fiber in ps/(nm-km), is the wavelength of the laser source in nm, and is the speed of light in vac”
Dispersion-flattened photonic crystal fiber with large effective area and low confinement loss (2005, background): “200 km in the 1300- to 1650-nm wavelength range without any dispersion compensation [17].”
Large-scale multiplexing of interferometric fiber-optic sensors using TDM and DWDM (2001, methodology): “Two OADMs were used: one based on a multilayer interference filter [ 15 ] and one based on an interferometric arrangement with in-fiber Bragg gratings [16].”