Mechanisms of nanotoxicity: Generation of reactive oxygen species
By P. Fu, Q. Xia, H. Hwang, P. Ray, Hongtao Yu. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis, 2014
1,200 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Nanotechnology is a rapidly developing field in the 21st century, and the commercial use of nanomaterials for novel applications is increasing exponentially. To date, the scientific basis for the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of most manufactured nanomaterials are not understood. The mechanisms underlying the toxicity of nanomaterials have recently been studied intensively. An important mechanism of nanotoxicity is the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Overproduction of ROS can induce oxidative stress, resulting in cells failing to maintain normal physiological redox-regulated functions. This in turn leads to DNA damage, unregulated cell signaling, change in cell motility, cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and cancer initiation. There are critical determinants that can affect the generation of ROS. These critical determinants, discussed briefly here, include: size, shape, particle surface, surface positive charges, surface-containing groups, particle dissolution, metal ion release from nanometals and nanometal oxides, UV light activation, aggregation, mode of interaction with cells, inflammation, and pH of the medium.
Subfields: Biomedical Engineering, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Materials Chemistry
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/c06e286b9f4d144d84ca4cd299bae158487215cb
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Citations in the corpus
- Bacterial synthesis of nanoparticles: A green approach (2020, background): “DNA damage causes disruption of the structure of nitrogenous bases, sugars, single and double breaks, DNA protein crosslinks, etc. (Valko et al., 2006; Fu et al., 2014a).”
- Nanoparticles as Novel Elicitors to Improve Bioactive Compounds in Plants (2021, background): “Besides, these stimulatory effects related to the induction of antioxidant activity have been shown in Cu NPs [82].”
- Bactericidal and Cytotoxic Properties of Silver Nanoparticles (2019, background): “In the case of bacterial cells, several factors such as nanoparticle size, shape, surface area, surface charge, surface functionalization, and particle dispersion state also affect cytoxicity in mammalian cells [188,191].”
- In silico toxicology: computational methods for the prediction of chemical toxicity (2016, methodology): “104 Quantitative structure nanotoxicity relationships (QSNR) 100 (also called nano-QSAR 105 ) are QSAR models that use nanomaterial-speci fi c descriptors such as size, shape, surface area, relaxivities, solubility, zeta potential, corona composition, biodistribution, bioavailability, and surface…”
- The current application of nanotechnology in food and agriculture (2018, neutral): “This triggers release of Ag þ ions as both culprit for toxicity [82 e 84] and as antimicrobial agents for drug-resistant bacteria [85 e 87].”
- Toward Eco-friendly and Stable Perovskite Materials for Photovoltaics (2018, background): “In addition to physicochemical properties, the production of possible fibrous structure,(27,28) high surface charge state,(25,29,30) and generation of radical species in nanoscale perovskites due to their size may prove to be harmful.(31) Therefore, to have a reliable assessment of the toxicity of p”