Thermal Decomposition of LiPF6-Based Electrolytes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

By Christopher L. Campion, Wentao Li, B. Lucht. 2005

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The thermal decomposition of lithium-ion battery electrolytes 1.0 M LiPF 6 in one or more carbonate solvents has been investigated. Electrolytes containing diethyl carbonate (DEC), ethylene carbonate (EC), a 1:1 mixture of EC/dimethyl carbonate (DMC), and a 1:1:1 mixture EC/DMC/DEC have been investigated by multinuclear nuclear magnetic spectroscopy, gas chromatography with mass selective detection, and size exclusion chromatography. Thermal decomposition affords products including: carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), ethylene (CH 2 CH 2 ), dialkylethers (R 2 O), alkyl fluorides (RF), phosphorus oxyfluoride (OPF 3 ), fluorophosphates [OPF 2 OR, OPF(OR) 2 ], fluorophosporic acids [OPF 2 OH, OPF(OH) 2 ], and oligoethylene oxides. The mechanism of decomposition is similar in all LiPF 6 /carbonate electrolytes. Trace protic impurities lead to generation of OPF 2 OR, which autocatalytically decomposes LiPF 6 and carbonates. The presence of DEC leads to the generation of ethylene, while the presnce of EC leads to the generation of capped oligothylene oxides [OPF 2 (OCH 2 CH 2 ) n F].

Subfields: Automotive Engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/bf373ff477db865bcc63b2c7e5becf97ad8ba5b5

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Citations in the corpus

Failure propagation in multi-cell lithium ion batteries (2015, background): “[4-16] Typical responses include venting of battery gasses, ejection of cell contents, extreme temperatures and in some cases self-ignition of the cell or ejected battery materials.”