Spontaneous breaking of Lorentz invariance, black holes and perpetuum mobile of the 2nd kind

By S. Dubovsky, S. Sibiryakov. 2006

168 citations recorded by the source corpus.

We study the effect of spontaneous breaking of Lorentz invariance on black hole thermodynamics. We consider a scenario where Lorentz symmetry breaking manifests itself by the difference of maximal velocities attainable by particles of different species in a preferred reference frame. The Lorentz breaking sector is represented by the ghost condensate. We find that the notions of black hole entropy and temperature loose their universal meaning. In particular, the standard derivation of the Hawking radiation yields that a black hole does emit thermal radiation in any given particle species, but with temperature depending on the maximal attainable velocity of this species. We demonstrate that this property implies violation of the second law of thermodynamics, and hence, allows construction of a perpetuum mobile of the 2nd kind. We discuss possible interpretation of these results.

Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Statistical and Nonlinear Physics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/bee217652dcd0e918e98bcb591337b4226ad1127

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Citations in the corpus

Einstein-æther gravity: a status report (2008, background): “It has been argued that in a theory with more than one limiting speed, both quantum Hawking radiation [48] and classical energy extraction [49] methods can be exploited to violate the generalized second law of thermodynamics.”
Imperfect Dark Energy from Kinetic Gravity Braiding (2010, background): “Moreover, this superluminality raises important questions regarding black hole physics [67, 68, 69, 70].”
Beyond the Cosmological Standard Model (2014, unknown): “It has been argued that the ghost condensate is in conflict with the 2nd law of black hole thermodynamics [448, 449].”
A Measure of de Sitter entropy and eternal inflation (2007, background): “This fits nicely with other recent investigations [19, 20] that show that the second law of black hole thermodynamics also fails for these models.”