Late internal‐shock model for bright X‐ray flares in gamma‐ray burst afterglows and GRB 011121

By Yi-Zhong Fan, D. Wei. 2005

164 citations recorded by the source corpus.

We explore two possible models which might give rise to bright X-ray flares in gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows. One is an external forward-reverse shock model, in which the shock parameters of forward-reverse shocks are taken to be quite different. The other is a so-called 'late internal-shock model', which requires a refreshed unsteady relativistic outflow generated after the prompt gamma-ray emission. In the forward-reverse shock model, after the time t(x) at which the reverse shock crosses the ejecta, the flux declines more slowly than (t(+)/t(x))(-(2+beta)), where t(+) denotes the observer's time and beta is the spectral index of the X-ray emission. In the 'late internal-shock model', decaying slopes much steeper than (t(+)/t(e,+))(-(2+beta)) are possible if the central engine shuts down after t(e,+) and the observed variability time-scale of the X-ray flare is much shorter than tau(e,circle plus).

Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/bedb2a019dfbc7f269dc2f2df06eaa39937c3a35

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Astronomy and Astrophysics

1. Bing Zhang
2. E. Liang
3. Binbin Zhang
4. Pawan Kumar
5. D. Burrows
6. L. Amati
7. Xuefeng Wu
8. N. Gehrels

Citations in the corpus

• THE INTERNAL-COLLISION-INDUCED MAGNETIC RECONNECTION AND TURBULENCE (ICMART) MODEL OF GAMMA-RAY BURSTS (2010, background): “…in some Swift GRBs (Burrows et al. 2005; Falcone et al. 2006; Romano et al. 2006; Chincarini et al. 2007; Falcone et al. 2007), which are believed to be due to late central engine activities (Burrows et al. 2005; Zhang et al. 2006; Fan and Wei 2005; Lazzati and Perna 2007; Maxham and Zhang 2009).”
• DISCERNING THE PHYSICAL ORIGINS OF COSMOLOGICAL GAMMA-RAY BURSTS BASED ON MULTIPLE OBSERVATIONAL CRITERIA: THE CASES OF z = 6.7 GRB 080913, z = 8.2 GRB 090423, AND SOME SHORT/HARD GRBs (2009, background): “This suggests that the GRB central engine activity is not limited to the prompt phase, and is much longer than T90 in both long and short GRBs (Zhang et al. 2006; Fan & Wei 2005; Lazzati & Perna 2007).”
• The late time evolution of gamma-ray bursts: ending hyperaccretion and producing flares (2006, unknown): “Such a feature strongly supports the “internal” origin of the flares (Burrows et al. 2005; Zhang et al. 2005; Fan & Wei 2005), in contrast to the “external” origin of the power-law decay afterglows.”
• A Comprehensive Analysis of Swift XRT Data. II. Diverse Physical Origins of the Shallow Decay Segment (2007, background): “…shocks that are the origin of the erratic late X-ray flares seen in XRT light curves (Burrows et al. 2005; Zhang et al. 2006; Dai et al. 2006; Fan & Wei 2005; King et al. 2005; Proga & Zhang 1 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA;…”
• Swift Observations of GRB 070110: An Extraordinary X-Ray Afterglow Powered by the Central Engine (2007, background): “These flares could be again interpreted as late central engine activities (Burrows et al. 2005b; Romano et al. 2006; Falcone et al. 2006; Zhang et al. 2006a; Fan & Wei 2005) which are likely related to the episodic accretion processes and may be different from the spindown-powered plateau.”
• Gamma-Ray Bursts in the Swift Era (2007, background): “This would suggest that the emission in the shock region maynot cease abruptly, but rather decay (cool) with time gradually, leading to a decaying internal shock afterglow (Fan & Wei 2005; Zhang et al. 2006).”
• Testing the Curvature Effect and Internal Origin of Gamma-Ray Burst Prompt Emissions and X-Ray Flares with Swift Data (2006, background): “…of the prompt emission or the corresponding X-ray flare, which is consistent with the expectation of the internal dissipation models for the prompt emission and X-ray flares (e.g. Burrows et al. 2005; Zhang et al. 2006a; Fan & Wei 2005; Ioka et al. 2005; Falcone et al. 2006; Romano et al. 2006).”
• The Ep,i–Eiso correlation in gamma-ray bursts: updated observational status, re-analysis and main implications (2006, background): “One possible interpretation of these phenomena is that they are due to continued activity of the engine and/or late internal shocks (Fan & Wei 2005; Burrows et al. 2005; Wu et al. c© 2005 RAS, MNRAS 000, 1–15 The Ep,i – Eiso correlation in GRBs: update, re–analysis and main implications 11 2006;…”
• Physical Processes Shaping Gamma-Ray Burst X-Ray Afterglow Light Curves: Theoretical Implications from the Swift X-Ray Telescope Observations (2005, background): “As a result, asRB 31 andRe 31, the reverse shock synchrotron component would stick out above the forward shock synchrotron component, and an X-ray bump is likely to emerge (see also Fan & Wei 2005).”