Classification, origin, and diversification of the New Zealand hebes (Scrophulariaceae)

By S. Wagstaff, M. Bayly, P. Garnock-Jones, D. Albach. 2002

110 citations recorded by the source corpus.

The New Zealand hebes (Scrophulariaceae) are members of a large Southern Hemisphere clade nested within Veronica. Analysis of ITS and rbcL sequences suggests that the New Zealand species are derived from a single common ancestor that arrived via long-distance dispersal. After the establishment of this initial founder population in New Zealand, the hebes have undergone at least two major episodes of diversification, giving rise to six clades. The great degree of morphological diversity in the New Zealand hebes contrasts with a corresponding low level of sequence divergence. New Zealand was a source of new emigrants to other regions in the South Pacific that were preadapted to high mountains or forest margins. Our results suggest that two instances of long-distance dispersal from New Zealand to South America, at least one instance from New Zealand to Australia, and one instance from New Zealand to New Guinea have occurred relatively recently. Shorter hops to the Chatham Islands and the subantarctic islands are also supported by the sequence data.

Subfields: Cell Biology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Plant Science

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/bcdd4638380f999f9c9a5459e32a32e79a05b6d9

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Citations in the corpus

Review of the systematics of Scrophulariaceae s.l. and their current disposition (2006, background): “Prior to the detailed study of Veronicaceae by Albach et al. (2005a), Sibthorpia had only been sampled in studies investigating the relationships among Veronica and its putative relatives (Albach and Chase 2001; Bello et al. 2002) and was placed outside Veroniceae.”
Comparative biogeography of New Zealand trees: species richness, height, leaf traits and range sizes (2010, background): “Several clades of small trees represent the maximum height attained by initially herbaceous/subshrub lineages (e.g. Olearia, Hebe, Coriaria, Sophora; Heenan et al. 2004; Wagstaff et al. 2002).”
Directional asymmetry of long‐distance dispersal and colonization could mislead reconstructions of biogeography (2005, methodology): “Phylograms were captured from original publications (Lockhart et al., 2001; Wagstaff et al., 2002; Winkworth et al., 2002b) using TreeThief v1.”
Veronica: Parallel morphological evolution and phylogeography in the Mediterranean (2004, background): “…migration from the Northern Hemisphere to Australia and on to New Zealand (Albach and Chase 2001) and New Guinea (Wagstaff and Garnock-Jones 1998, Wagstaff et al. 2002) established, we can now look more closely at other biogeographical and evolutionary patterns in the genus, especially those for…”
Evolution of the New Zealand mountain flora: Origins, diversification and dispersal (2005, background): “2002), the Hebe complex (Wagstaff et al. 2002), Ranunculus (Lockhart et al.”
Evolution of New Zealand alpine and open-habitat plant species during the late Cenozoic (2013, background): “…of available habitat and cooling of the climate: e.g. Scleranthus stem age 4.9–2.1 or 2.3–0.6 Ma (Smissen et al. 2003); shrubby Hebe stem age 3.9 Ma (Wagstaff et al. 2002); macrocephalous Olearia stem age 4.1 Ma (Wagstaff et al. 2011); Carmichaelia stem age c. 2.5 Ma (Lavin et al. 2005; estimate…”