Preparation and characterization of epoxy composites filled with functionalized nanosilica particles obtained via sol–gel process

By Sungtack Kang, S. Hong, C. Choe, Min Park, Soon-Ok Rim, Junkyung Kim. 2001

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Mechanical properties of epoxy nanocomposites using titanium dioxide as reinforcement – A review (2015, background): “Some approaches are: melt mixing, solution mixing (in aqueous media or polymer matrices, it is essential that the particle surface modification (SM) involving polymer surfactant molecules or other modifiers generates a strong repulsion between nanoparticles), shear mixing and high shear forces [68,1”
Engineering of SiO 2 Nanoparticles for Optimal Performance in Nano Cement-Based Materials (2009, methodology): “Processing natural nanosystems, such as clays, is a promising technique used for manufacturing nanoporous materials (with pores in the order of 10 nm) [18].”
Polymer-Nanoparticle Composites: From Synthesis to Modern Applications (2010, background): “Surface modified nanosized SiO2 monospheres with an average diameter of 400 nm, dispersed in an epoxy matrix, caused an increase of TG as well as a reduction of the CTE with solid content [116].”
Synthesis of silica nanoparticles by sol-gel: size-dependent properties, surface modification, and applications in silica-polymer nanocomposites — a review (2012, background): “[46] found that the incorporation of 400 nm silica particles into epoxy resulted in almost 13% increase in the Tg and the damping behavior (tan δ) of the composite decreased with the increase in the filler content.”