Rotating radiative‐convective equilibrium simulated by a cloud‐resolving model
By M. Khairoutdinov, Kerry A. Emanuel. 2013
139 citations recorded by the source corpus.
The results of a series of cloud‐resolving radiative‐convective equilibrium (RCE) simulations are presented. The RCE simulations, used as an idealization for the mean tropical climate, are run for a wide range of prescribed sea‐surface temperatures (SSTs), from 21oC to 36oC, representing the range of past, present, and, possibly, future mean tropical SSTs. The RCE with constant Coriolis parameter f is contrasted with nonrotating RCE. The Coriolis parameter is artificially increased from typical values in the Tropics by about one order of magnitude to allow multiple tropical cyclones (TCs) to coexist in a relatively small 2300 × 2300 km2 domain with a 3 km horizontal grid spacing. Nonrotating RCE is also simulated, but using a substantially smaller, 384 × 384 km2 domain. Rotating RCE, which we nickname “TC World,” contains from 8 to 26 TCs with the average number of TCs monotonically decreasing with increasing SST. At the same time, the TCs' size, intensity, and per‐TC precipitation rate tend to increase in response to increasing SST. For example, the average per‐TC kinetic energy and precipitation rate tend to double for every 6oC SST increase. These results are consistent with scaling laws in which TC velocities and inner core diameters scale with the potential intensity and its ratio to the Coriolis parameter, respectively, while the separation between cyclone centers appears to scale with the deformation radius. It is also found that the outflow temperature of TC's, as defined as the height of the local maximum of the upper‐troposphere cloud fraction, remains relatively invariant with SST. The cold‐point tropopause height in TC World is found to be about 2 km higher than the corresponding height in nonrotating RCE.
Subfields: Atmospheric Science, Global and Planetary Change
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/bc11fc50d614c8471f24c83f98a3f71ab80cc968
How researchers see this paper
The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.
In Atmospheric Science
In Global and Planetary Change
Citations in the corpus
- Physical mechanisms controlling the initiation of convective self‐aggregation in a General Circulation Model (2015, background): “…tropical cyclones could represent a particular case of convective aggregation, as convective aggregation often gives rise to tropical cyclones in simulations performed in the presence of rotation [Nolan et al., 2007; Held and Zhao, 2008; Khairoutdinov and Emanuel, 2013; Shi and Bretherton, 2014].”
- What favors convective aggregation and why? (2015, background): “Self-aggregation is also believed to play a role in cyclogenesis [Khairoutdinov and Emanuel, 2013; Shi and Bretherton, 2014].”
- Physical mechanisms controlling self‐aggregation of convection in idealized numerical modeling simulations (2013, background): “Previous studies of rotating radiative-convective equilibrium have examined the sensitivity of tropical cyclogenesis and tropical cyclone intensity, size, and frequency to environmental parameters (Nolan et al., 2007; Held and Zhao, 2008; Khairoutdinov and Emanuel, 2013).”
- Recent Developments in the Fluid Dynamics of Tropical Cyclones (2017, unknown): “Solutions for one or more sustained hurricanes lasting for 20 or more days have been found to exist in 3D doubly periodic rectangular domains (Khairoutdinov & Emanuel 2013, Zhuo et al. 2014).”
- Convective Self-Aggregation in Numerical Simulations: A Review (2017, background): “The general idea that aggregation can act as a kind of thermostat was extended to the rotating case by Khairoutdinov and Emanuel (2013) and has been described as a kind of “iris” e ↵ ect by Mauritsen and Stevens (2015).”