Biological control using invertebrates and microorganisms: plenty of new opportunities
By J. C. Lenteren, K. Bolckmans, J. Köhl, W. Ravensberg, A. Urbaneja. BioControl (Dordrecht), 2018
825 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Abstract In augmentative biological control (ABC), invertebrate and microbial organisms are seasonally released in large numbers to reduce pests. Today it is applied on more than 30 million ha worldwide. Europe is the largest commercial market for invertebrate biological control agents, while North America has the largest sales of microbials. A strong growth in use of ABC, particularly of microbial agents, is taking place in Latin America, followed by Asia. The current popularity of ABC is due to (1) its inherent positive characteristics (healthier for farm workers and persons living in farming communities, no harvesting interval or waiting period after release of agents, sustainable as there is no development of resistance against arthropod natural enemies, no phytotoxic damage to plants, better yields and a healthier product, reduced pesticide residues [well below the legal Maximum Residue Levels (MRLs)], (2) professionalism of the biological control industry (inexpensive large scale mass production, proper quality control, efficient packaging, distribution and release methods, and availability of many (>440 species) control agents for numerous pests), (3) a number of recent successes showing how biological control can save agricultural production when pesticides fail or are not available, (4) several non-governmental organizations (NGOs), consumers, and retailers demanding pesticide residues far below the legal MRLs, and (5) policy developments in several regions of the world aimed at reduction and replacement of synthetic pesticides by more sustainable methods of pest management. We are convinced, however, that ABC can be applied on a much larger area than it is today. We plead in the short term for a pragmatic form of agriculture that is adaptable, non-dogmatic and combines the sustainability gain from all types of agriculture and pest management methods. We then propose to move to “conscious agriculture”, which involves participation of all stakeholders in the production and consumer chain, and respects the environment and resource availability for future generations. Were “conscious agriculture” to be considered a serious alternative to conventional farming, ABC would face an even brighter future.
Subfields: Insect Science
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/bbe5d878bb4bcc5b77ab2cf3ff433c34aadfe69b
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Citations in the corpus
- Efficiency of microbial bio-agents as elicitors in plant defense mechanism under biotic stress: A review (2021, background): “As of now, more than 100 MBCAs have been registered in different countries including United States, New Zealand, Europe, Canada, Australia, Japan, and Brazil to control plant diseases (van Lenteren et al., 2018).”
- Biological Control of Plant Pathogens: A Global Perspective (2022, methodology): “The modern application of biological control was introduced at the end of the nineteenth century; however, related techniques were in use for at least 2000 years [34].”