Anatomy, Evolution, and Functional Significance of Cephalic Vasculature in Archosauria

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Using CT to Peer into the Past: 3D Visualization of the Brain and Ear Regions of Birds, Crocodiles, and Nonavian Dinosaurs (2008, background): “…1 cm. is typical for archosaurs, the large occipital venous sinus (an expansion of the dorsal longitudinal sinus that drains much of the brain and exits through the foramen magnum) overlies and hence obscures the details of the cerebellar, optic tectal, and brain stem regions (Sedlmayr 2002).”
The Epipterygoid of Crocodyliforms and Its Significance for the Evolution of the Orbitotemporal Region of Eusuchians (2009, background): “…epiptericum, albeit modified (Holliday, 2006) in that the Mm. levator and protractor pterygoideus muscles were eliminated, and the rostral trigeminal artery, a branch of the encephalic arterial system (Sedlmayr, 2002), passes through the space rather than a branch of the stapedial artery (Figs.”