A rupture model of the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake

By C. Ammon, T. Lay, Hiroo Kanamori, M. Cleveland. 2011

243 citations recorded by the source corpus.

The 11 March 2011 Tohoku Earthquake ruptured the interplate boundary off-shore of east Japan, with fault displacements of up to 40 m and a rupture duration of 150–160 s. W-phase inversion indicates a moment of 3.9 × 1022 N m (Mw 9.0) and a centroid time of 71 s. We invert teleseismic P waves and broadband Rayleigh wave observations with high-rate GPS recordings from Japan to characterize the rupture. The resulting rupture model begins with a steady increase of moment rate for the first 80 s, and a rupture speed of 1.5 km/s. Then the rupture expands southwestward at a speed of about 2.5 km/s. The model’s primary slip is concentrated up-dip from the hypocenter, with significant displacement extending to the trench. The seaward location of large slip is consistent with estimates of the tsunami source area from regional and remote tsunami observations. The region with large slip is approximately 150-km wide by 300-km long, which is relatively compact compared with the 200-km wide, 500-km long aftershock region. The model’s initial updip rupture expansion and the location of most slip updip of the hypocenter differs from P-wave array back-projections, which map high-frequency radiation along the downdip of the hypocenter, closer to the coast.

Subfields: Geophysics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/babfe1e71736275b12d75acd4d77ed7e22723ada

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Citations in the corpus

Source parameter inversion for recent great earthquakes from a decade‐long observation of global gravity fields (2013, methodology): “…including long-period CMT and the moment-weighted CMT from various finite fault models [Shao et al., 2011; Simons et al., 2011; Hayes, 2011; Ammon et al., 2011], only the GRACE solutions within the lower crust are consistent with those alternative solutions in moment and dip, as well as…”
Numerical Simulation of the 2011 Tohoku Tsunami Based on a New Transient FEM Co-seismic Source: Comparison to Far- and Near-Field Observations (2013, methodology): “…idealized source model of the subduction zone (e.g., DZIEWONSKI and ANDERSON’s (1981) spherical layered PREM seismological model; see, e.g., AMMON et al. 2011; Geospatial Information Authority of Japan, 2011; KOPER et al. 2011; PARARAS-CARAYANNIS 2011; POLLITZ et al. 2011; OZAWA et al.…”
Frequency-dependent rupture process of the 2011 Mw 9.0 Tohoku Earthquake: Comparison of short-period P wave backprojection images and broadband seismic rupture models (2011, methodology): “(2010) and Ammon et al. (2006). Ammon et al. (2011) describe the specific data set and procedures applied for the joint P + R1 RSTF + c-GPS inversion and Lay et al. (2011c) describe the P wave inversion procedure.”
Uncertainty modeling and visualization for tsunami hazard and risk mapping: a case study for the 2011 Tohoku earthquake (2016, methodology): “In representing the possible range of tsunami scenarios/source models in the Tohoku region that may be applicable to tsunami hazard mapping purposes, various inversion models are gathered from the literature (Ammon et al. 2011; Fujii et al. 2011; Hayes 2011; Iinuma et al. 2011, 2012; Shao et al. 201”