Deconstructing the “energy weapon”: Russia's threat to Europe as case study

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The geopolitics of metals and metalloids used for the renewable energy transition (2019, unknown): “Here, the geographical concentration of resources can enable resource-rich countries to gain advantage over import dependent countries, e.g. through the contested energy weapon [29,30].”
The Economics of Shale Gas Development (2015, background): “Europe depends heavily on Russian natural gas, and over the past two decades there have been supply disruptions and price increases consistent with 14 political motivations (Stegen 2011).”
Definitions and dimensions of energy security: a literature review (2018, background): “’ Although there is a debate how effective the use of energy weapon is, under certain circumstances, it will achieve its goals.(148) However, nowadays, there is a greater confidence that successful use of energy as a political weapon is relatively limited.”
Security aspects of future renewable energy systems–A short overview (2013, background): “[70,71]) In many studies, energy independence is credited with improving security, and for EU countries energy in-dependence is expected to increase in systems with large fractions of RE [7].”