Mortality, CD4 cell count decline, and depressive symptoms among HIV-seropositive women: longitudinal analysis from the HIV Epidemiology Research Study.

By J. Ickovics, M. Hamburger, D. Vlahov, E. Schoenbaum, P. Schuman, R. Boland, J. Moore. Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), 2001

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Role of depression, stress, and trauma in HIV disease progression. (2008, background): “Ickovics and colleagues examined the health effects of chronic depression in HIV-infected women (n 765) during a 7-year period when HAART began to be available (23).”
Impact of HIV-Related Stigma on Health Behaviors and Psychological Adjustment Among HIV-Positive Men and Women (2006, methodology): “By increasing patients’ vulnerability to depression, stigma may also effect longer term health outcomes, as depressive symptoms may further compromise immune functioning (Leonard, 2000) and contribute to more rapid progression to AIDS and mortality (Ickovics et al., 2001).”
SELF-REPORTED EXPERIENCES OF DISCRIMINATION AND HEALTH: SCIENTIFIC ADVANCES, ONGOING CONTROVERSIES, AND EMERGING ISSUES (2015, background): “Although the term describing this combination of effects, intersectionality, has been most frequently utilized to characterize the experiences of African American women (Crenshaw 1989, Purdie-Vaughns & Eibach 2008), researchers have noted the advantage of this approach for understanding the unique e”
Stress and health: psychological, behavioral, and biological determinants. (2005, background): “These variables associated with disease progression include distress, depressed affect, denial coping, low perceived social support, and elevated serum cortisol (Ickovics et al. 2001, Leserman et al. 2000).”